Nasopharyngeal sampling for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) is the standard diagnostic test of coronavirus disease 2019. Our objectives were to assess, in real-life conditions, the diagnostic accuracy of a nasopharyngeal point-of-care antigen (Ag) test and of saliva NAAT for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in ambulatory care. This was a prospective cohort study from 19 October through 18 December 2020 in two community COVID-19 screening centers in Paris, France. Two nasopharyngeal swabs and one saliva sample were simultaneously collected. Diagnostic accuracies of nasopharyngeal Ag testing and of three saliva NAAT methods were assessed as compared to nasopharyngeal NAAT. A total of 1452 ambulatory children and adults were included. Overall, 129/1443 (9%) participants tested positive on nasopharyngeal NAAT (102/564 [18%] in symptomatic and 27/879 [3%] in asymptomatic participants). Sensitivity was 94%, 23%, 96%, and 94% for the three different protocols of saliva NAAT and for the nasopharyngeal Ag test, respectively. Estimates of specificity were above 95% for all methods. Diagnostic accuracy was similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Diagnostic accuracy of nasopharyngeal Ag testing and of saliva NAAT is similar to that of nasopharyngeal NAAT, subject to compliance with specific protocols for saliva. Registration number: NCT04578509

鼻咽采样进行核酸扩增检测 (NAAT) 是 2019 年冠状病毒病的标准诊断检测。我们的目标是在现实生活条件下评估鼻咽护理点抗原 (Ag) 检测和唾液 NAAT 用于在门诊护理中检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)。这是 2020 年 10 月 19 日至 12 月 18 日在法国巴黎两个社区 COVID-19 筛查中心进行的一项前瞻性队列研究。同时采集两份鼻咽拭子和一份唾液样本。与鼻咽 NAAT 相比，评估了鼻咽 Ag 检测和三种唾液 NAAT 方法的诊断准确性。总共包括 1452 名流动儿童和成人。总体而言，129/1443 (9%) 参与者的鼻咽 NAAT 检测呈阳性（有症状参与者为 102/564 [18%]，无症状参与者为 27/879 [3%]）。唾液 NAAT 和鼻咽 Ag 测试的三种不同方案的灵敏度分别为 94%、23%、96% 和 94%。所有方法的特异性估计均高于 95%。有症状和无症状个体的诊断准确性相似。鼻咽 Ag 检测和唾液 NAAT 的诊断准确性与鼻咽 NAAT 相似，但需遵守唾液的特定方案。注册号：NCT04578509