Earthquakes were induced in the Fort Worth Basin from 2008 through 2020 by increase in pore pressure from injection of oilfield wastewater (SWD). In this region and elsewhere, a missing link in understanding the mechanics of causation has been a lack of comprehensive models of pore pressure evolution (ΔPp) from SWD. We integrate detailed earthquake catalogs, ΔPp, and probabilistic fault slip potential (FSP) and find that faults near large-scale SWD operations became unstable early, when ΔPp reached ∼0.31 MPa and FSP reached 0.24. Faults farther from SWD became unstable later, when FSP reached 0.17 and at much smaller ΔPp. Earthquake sequences reactivated with mean ΔPp of ∼0.05 MPa. The response of faults shows strong variability, with many remaining stable at higher ΔPp and few that became seismogenic at smaller changes. As ΔPp spread regionally, an ever-increasing number of faults were impacted and the most sensitive became unstable.

中文翻译：

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德克萨斯州中北部达拉斯-沃思堡地区诱发地震的孔隙压力阈值和断层滑动电位

从 2008 年到 2020 年，由于注入油田废水 (SWD) 导致孔隙压力增加，沃思堡盆地引发了地震。在该地区和其他地方，理解因果机制的一个缺失环节是缺乏来自 SWD 的孔隙压力演化 (ΔPp) 的综合模型。我们整合了详细的地震目录、ΔPp 和概率断层滑动势 (FSP)，发现大规模 SWD 作业附近的断层早期变得不稳定，当 ΔPp 达到 0.31 MPa 且 FSP 达到 0.24 时。当 FSP 达到 0.17 且 ΔPp 小得多时，离 SWD 较远的断层后来变得不稳定。地震序列重新激活，平均 ΔPp 约为 0.05 MPa。断层的响应显示出很强的可变性，许多在较高的 ΔPp 下保持稳定，很少在较小的变化下成为地震发生。随着 ΔPp 的区域分布，