Biodiesel is a good substitute for fossil fuels because it is renewable, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable. Biodiesel is often classified into three generations, the third-generation biodiesel, often manufactured using lipids from microorganisms, especially microalgae and yeast, which can produce biomass with lipid content up to 70% by weight (dry). After cultivation of microorganisms, lipids in cells need to be recovered. This Review attempts to illustrate the entire process of producing third-generation biodiesel and suggests ways of promoting it. The Review defines biodiesel; touches upon different standards of biodiesel and performance of engines powered with biodiesel; summarizes the methods of cultivating microalgae and yeast, including reactors, parameters, media, and fermentation processes; and also introduces both traditional and modern methods of recovering lipids from biomass, suggesting ways of making the recovery more efficient and less expensive.

中文翻译：

---

来自微生物的生物柴油：综述

生物柴油是化石燃料的良好替代品，因为它是可再生、环保和可生物降解的。生物柴油通常分为三代，第三代生物柴油，通常使用来自微生物的脂质制造，尤其是微藻和酵母，可生产脂质含量高达70%（干）的生物质。微生物培养后，需要回收细胞内的脂质。本综述试图说明生产第三代生物柴油的整个过程并提出推广方法。审查定义了生物柴油；涉及生物柴油的不同标准和以生物柴油为动力的发动机的性能；总结了培养微藻和酵母的方法，包括反应器、参数、培养基和发酵过程；