Cognitive models of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) posit the relevance of the self in OCD, although the nature of this association is still unclear. We aimed to explore actual and feared selves and its association with obsessions and intrusions in a group of OCD patients. A group of 58 patients with OCD identified their most upsetting obsession and intrusion (non-clinical obsession) experienced in the past 3 months. These cognitions were classified as either moral-based or autogenous (obsessions n = 32; intrusions n = 26) or non-moral-based or reactive, depending on their content. Next, patients described their actual self and their feared self, that is, the person they feared being or becoming, and whether they believed these descriptions were associated with their obsessions/intrusions. Results indicate that individuals with OCD described themselves as insecure, anxious and fearful, but also as good and nice. They particularly feared a selfish, aggressive, bad, liar, coward, insecure and arrogant self. Two-thirds of the patients believed that their obsessions said something about their actual self (65.52%) and that their obsessions brought them closer to the person they do not want to be (62.06%). A third of patients believed their intrusions said something about their actual self (actual self: 30.35%; feared self: 25%), which was a significantly lower percentage than for obsessions. These associations existed independent from the content of the obsession and/or intrusion, although patients with obsessions with moral-based contents more often tended to believe that their obsessions brought them closer to the person they do not want to be. Results suggest the relevance of the real and feared selves in the maintenance of obsessions.

中文翻译：

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强迫症与自我之间的关系：临床强迫症样本中的恐惧和实际自我描述

强迫症 (OCD) 的认知模型假设了自我与强迫症的相关性，尽管这种关联的性质仍不清楚。我们的目的是探索真实的和害怕的自我，以及它与强迫症患者群体的强迫观念和侵扰行为的关联。一组 58 名强迫症患者确定了他们在过去 3 个月中经历的最令人不安的强迫观念和侵入行为（非临床强迫观念）。这些认知被归类为基于道德的或自发的（强迫n  = 32；入侵n = 26) 或非基于道德的或反应性的，取决于它们的内容。接下来，患者描述了他们的真实自我和害怕的自我，即他们害怕成为或成为的人，以及他们是否相信这些描述与他们的强迫观念/入侵有关。结果表明，患有强迫症的人将自己描述为不安全、焦虑和恐惧，但也描述为好和好。他们特别害怕自私、好斗、坏、骗子、懦夫、不安全和傲慢的自我。三分之二的患者认为他们的强迫观念反映了他们真实的自我（65.52%），并且他们的强迫观念使他们更接近他们不想成为的人（62.06%）。三分之一的患者认为他们的入侵说明了他们的真实自我（真实自我：30.35%；恐惧自我：25%），这比痴迷的百分比要低得多。这些关联独立于痴迷和/或入侵的内容而存在，尽管痴迷于基于道德的内容的患者更倾向于相信他们的痴迷使他们更接近他们不想成为的人。结果表明，真实的和恐惧的自我在维持强迫观念方面的相关性。