Current knowledge of the genetic and environmental backgrounds of equine asthma seems to be insufficient, especially for primitive horse breeds. The main objectives of this study were to estimate the effects of sex, birth period, stud, parentage line and inbreeding on asthma morbidity in Polish Konik horses. Records of 274 horses (housed in two studs) were analysed. These animals were allocated to maternal and paternal lines. Individual inbreeding coefficients were extracted from the additive relationship matrix. Horses underwent diagnosis based on observation of the basic symptoms (high frequency of coughing and excessive nasal discharge). Subsequently, some horses (28 individuals) were clinically examined to confirm the earlier observations. Generally, no significant effects of parentage line on heaves morbidity were identified by the use of logistic regression, although the Pearson’s chi-squared test had shown that individuals of some maternal and paternal lines had a predisposition to severe equine asthma. It was concluded that the individual inbreeding level is not associated with the incidence of EA, but a significant effect of the maternal inbreeding coefficient may be observed. It was also found that there is some variability in the incidence of this disease between studs.

中文翻译：

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波兰 Konik 马对马哮喘的一些遗传和环境影响

目前对马哮喘的遗传和环境背景的了解似乎还不够充分，尤其是对于原始马品种而言。本研究的主要目的是评估性别、出生期、种马、亲本和近亲繁殖对波兰 Konik 马哮喘发病率的影响。分析了 274 匹马（安置在两个马匹中）的记录。这些动物被分配到母系和父系。从加性关系矩阵中提取个体近交系数。根据对马的基本症状（高频率咳嗽和流鼻涕）的观察进行诊断。随后，对一些马（28 个人）进行了临床检查以确认早期的观察结果。一般来说，尽管 Pearson 卡方检验表明某些母系和父系的个体易患严重的马哮喘，但通过使用逻辑回归没有发现亲本线对马匹发病率的显着影响。得出的结论是，个体近亲繁殖水平与 EA 的发生率无关，但可以观察到母体近亲繁殖系数的显着影响。还发现种猪之间这种疾病的发病率存在一些差异。但可以观察到母系近亲繁殖系数的显着影响。还发现种猪之间这种疾病的发病率存在一些差异。但可以观察到母系近亲繁殖系数的显着影响。还发现种猪之间这种疾病的发病率存在一些差异。