Paramagnetic surface active ionic liquids (PMSAILs) classify task-specific ionic liquids with magnetic properties by incorporating metal into the cationic or anionic part of the ionic liquid. Paramagnetic ionic liquids had long-chain either in cations or anions and showed excellent surface activity and magnetic properties without any need for the magnetic nanoparticles. These PMSAILs have inherent unique ionic liquid properties and self-assembled into various nano-aggregates such as micelles, vesicles, rod-like micelles, and etc., by modification in the structure of cations or anions. PMSAILs provide stimuli-responsive properties, which is one of the essential aspects of targeted applications. The appropriate functional tunability of anions and cations in PMSAILs leads to various multifaceted chemical and biological applications. A new emerging trend in PMSAIL research is hybridization with flexible materials. This review will mainly deal with the synthesis, characterization, and brief history of PMSAILs and their potential advantages in the various applications in micellar catalysis, purification and separation of biomolecules, compaction and decompaction of DNA, drug delivery, and other biomedical applications.

顺磁性表面活性离子液体 (PMSAIL) 通过将金属掺入离子液体的阳离子或阴离子部分，对具有磁性的任务特定离子液体进行分类。顺磁性离子液体在阳离子或阴离子中具有长链，并且在不需要磁性纳米粒子的情况下表现出优异的表面活性和磁性。这些PMSAILs具有固有的独特的离子液体性质，通过改变阳离子或阴离子的结构，自组装成各种纳米聚集体，如胶束、囊泡、棒状胶束等。PMSAIL 提供刺激响应特性，这是目标应用的基本方面之一。PMSAIL 中阴离子和阳离子的适当功能可调性导致各种多方面的化学和生物应用。PMSAIL 研究的一个新趋势是与柔性材料的混合。本综述将主要讨论 PMSAILs 的合成、表征和简史，以及它们在胶束催化、生物分子的纯化和分离、DNA 的压缩和解压缩、药物递送和其他生物医学应用等各种应用中的潜在优势。