Background

Whole-body vibration (WBV) could be an alternative training method for elderly with a high risk of falling.

Research question

What acute effects of sinus-like and random WBV intervention occur in this risk group and how do they differ?

Methods

This prospective pilot study was performed on two days separated by a one-week wash-out phase. Twelve subjects (10 women and 2 men, age 77.7 ± 5.3; 162.3 ± 7.4 cm; 82.4 ± 15.2 kg; BMI 31.2 ± 5.1 kg/m²) undertook sinus-like WBV intervention. One week later random WBV were performed. This consisted of six intervals each lasting 60 s, with heart and respiratory rates monitored. Feasibility outcomes involved safety and compliance. The primary endpoint was postural control, measured by a static posturography before and after the first interval and complete intervention. Secondary outcomes measured before and after the intervention were a Timed-Up-and-Go-Test (TUGT) and an instrumental gait analysis.

Results

Random WBV intervention showed positive acute effect on postural control (Standard deviation (SD) Ellipse area p = 0.007; SD of the Center of force (CoF) independent from direction p = 0.017; SD of the CoF in the antero-posterior direction p = 0.011). There were no significant acute effects on TUGT or gait analysis (comparison between sinus-like and random WBV: Single Task: ΔVelocity p = 0.373, ΔStep time p = 0.077, ΔStep length p = 0.369, ΔStride length p = 0.408, ΔDouble-support-time p = 0.492; Dual task: ΔVelocity p = 0.580, ΔStep-time p = 0.559, ΔStep length p = 0.626, ΔStride length p = 0.584, ΔDouble-support-time p = 0.550). During sinus-like WBV, heart rate increased significantly from rest 69.7 ± 20.9bpm to max.146.0 ± 24.9bpm (p = 0.025). Respiratory rate increased significantly from 10.0 ± 1.0 to max.32.0 ± 6.0 (p = 0.011) during random WBV. No undesirable side effects were observed.

Significance

Findings demonstrate that random WBV improves acute functional ability of postural control, but not gait for elderly people with a high risk of falling. Intervention with WBV seems safe and well accepted by participants. Monitoring of heart and respiratory rate offers protection for subjects with heart disease.

中文翻译：

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窦性振动与随机振动：对跌倒风险高的老年人的急性影响

背景

全身振动 (WBV) 可能是跌倒风险高的老年人的替代训练方法。

研究问题

窦性和随机 WBV 干预在该风险组中发生了哪些急性效应，它们有何不同？

方法

这项前瞻性试点研究是在由一周的清除阶段隔开的两天内进行的。12 名受试者（10 名女性和 2 名男性，年龄 77.7 ± 5.3；162.3 ± 7.4 cm；82.4 ± 15.2 kg；BMI 31.2 ± 5.1 kg/m²）进行了窦状 WBV 干预。一周后进行随机WBV。这包括六个间隔，每个间隔持续 60 秒，并监测心脏和呼吸频率。可行性结果涉及安全性和合规性。主要终点是姿势控制，通过第一次间隔和完全干预前后的静态姿势图测量。在干预之前和之后测量的次要结果是 Timed-Up-and-Go-Test (TUGT) 和仪器步态分析。

结果

随机 WBV 干预对姿势控制显示出积极的急性影响（标准偏差 (SD) 椭圆区域 p = 0.007；独立于方向 p = 0.017 的力中心 (CoF) 的 SD；前后方向上 CoF 的 SD = 0.011）。对 TUGT 或步态分析没有显着的急性影响（窦状和随机 WBV 之间的比较：单一任务：ΔVelocity p = 0.373，ΔStep time p = 0.077，ΔStep length p = 0.369，ΔStride length p = 0.408，ΔDouble-support -时间 p = 0.492；双重任务：ΔVelocity p = 0.580，ΔStep-time p = 0.559，ΔStep length p = 0.626，ΔStride length p = 0.584，ΔDouble-support-time p = 0.550）。在窦状 WBV 期间，心率从静止状态 69.7 ± 20.9bpm 显着增加到 max.146.0 ± 24.9bpm (p = 0.025)。呼吸频率从 10.0 ± 1.0 显着增加到最大值 32.0 ± 6.0 (p = 0. 011) 在随机 WBV 期间。没有观察到不良副作用。

意义

研究结果表明，随机 WBV 改善了姿势控制的急性功能能力，但不能改善跌倒风险高的老年人的步态。WBV 干预似乎是安全的，并且被参与者广泛接受。监测心脏和呼吸频率可为患有心脏病的受试者提供保护。