It has been shown that following demyelination, Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells (OPCs) migrate to the lesion site and begin to proliferate, and differentiate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on the expression of OLIG-2 and PDGFR-α markers during the myelination process. C57BL/6 mice were fed cuprizone pellets for 5 weeks to induce demyelination and return to a normal diet for 1 week to stimulate remyelination. During the Phase I all of the animals except CPZ and Vehicle groups were exposed to HCQ (2.5, 10, and 100 mg/kg) via drinking water. At the end of the study, animals were euthanized, perfused and the brain samples were assessed for myelination and immunohistochemistry evaluation. What is remarkable is the high rate of Olig2 + cells in the groups treated with 10 and 100 mg/kg HCQ in the demyelination phase and its decreasing trend in the remyelination phase. However, there was no significant difference between groups during phase I and Phase II based on the percentage of olig-2+/total cells in the corpus callosum region. The number of PDGFR-α+ cells in the group treated with 10 mg/kg HCQ was significant in the first phase (p value < 0.05). Considering that the 100 mg/kg HCQ group had the highest level of PDGFR-α as well as the highest level of myelin repair in LFB staining, it could be inferred that it was the most effective dose in inducing proliferation and migration of OPCs.

已经表明，脱髓鞘后，少突胶质祖细胞 (OPC) 迁移到病变部位并开始增殖和分化。本研究旨在探讨羟氯喹 (HCQ) 在髓鞘形成过程中对 OLIG-2 和 PDGFR-α 标志物表达的影响。给 C57BL/6 小鼠喂食铜酮颗粒 5 周以诱导脱髓鞘，并恢复正常饮食 1 周以刺激髓鞘再生。在第一阶段期间，除了 CPZ 和载体组之外的所有动物都通过饮用水暴露于 HCQ（2.5、10 和 100 mg/kg）。在研究结束时，对动物实施安乐死、灌注，并评估脑样本的髓鞘形成和免疫组织化学评估。值得注意的是，在脱髓鞘阶段用10和100 mg/kg HCQ处理的组中Olig2 + 细胞的比例很高，而在髓鞘再生阶段则呈下降趋势。然而，根据胼胝体区域中 olig-2+/总细胞的百分比，在 I 期和 II 期各组之间没有显着差异。10 mg/kg HCQ治疗组的PDGFR-α+细胞数量在第一阶段显着（p值 < 0.05)。考虑到 100 mg/kg HCQ 组 PDGFR-α 水平最高，LFB 染色中髓鞘修复水平最高，可以推断其是诱导 OPCs 增殖和迁移最有效的剂量。