Purpose

The aim of this study is to assess contraceptive use at last intercourse among adolescent girls with and without disabilities.

Methods

Data were from the 2015 and 2017 Oregon Healthy Teens survey, a state-wide representative sample of 11th grade students. Among respondents at risk for unplanned pregnancy (n = 3,702), we estimated the prevalence of contraceptive method used at last intercourse—including intrauterine device, implant, Depo-Provera, oral contraceptive pills, patch, ring, condoms, withdrawal, and emergency contraception—by disability status. We used multivariable Poisson regression to measure the association between disability status and use of any contraceptive.

Results

Girls with disabilities were more likely to report having had intercourse compared to girls without disabilities (49.2% vs. 37.4%). Girls with disabilities were less likely to use oral contraceptive pills (32.8% vs. 36.6%) or condoms (51.9% vs. 59.7%) compared to their non-disabled peers. After adjusting for demographic factors, 92.3% of girls with disabilities reported using any contraceptive method compared to 94.7% of girls without a disability (adjusted prevalence difference −2.6%, 95% CI −.26%, −4.9%; adjusted prevalence ratio .97, 95% CI .95–1.00, p = .03).

Conclusions

We observed high levels of contraceptive use among Oregon high school girls. Still, girls with disabilities were slightly less likely to report contraceptive use compared to their non-disabled peers. Given the high proportion of teens with disabilities who are sexually active, the magnitude of the difference in contraceptive use could be of concern on a national scale and further research is warranted.

中文翻译：

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有残疾和无残疾的青少年使用避孕药具

目的

本研究的目的是评估有残疾和无残疾的少女在最后一次性交时使用的避孕药具。

方法

数据来自 2015 年和 2017 年俄勒冈州健康青少年调查，该调查是全州 11 年级学生的代表性样本。在有意外怀孕风险的受访者 (n = 3,702) 中，我们估计了最后一次性交时使用的避孕方法的流行率——包括宫内节育器、植入物、Depo-Provera、口服避孕药、贴片、戒指、避孕套、戒断和紧急避孕——按残疾状况。我们使用多变量泊松回归来衡量残疾状况与使用任何避孕药具之间的关联。

结果

与非残疾女孩相比，残疾女孩更有可能报告有过性行为（49.2% 对 37.4%）。与非残疾同龄人相比，残疾女孩使用口服避孕药（32.8% 对 36.6%）或避孕套（51.9% 对 59.7%）的可能性较小。在调整人口因素后，92.3% 的残疾女孩报告使用任何避孕方法，而无残疾女孩的这一比例为 94.7%（调整后的患病率差异 -2.6%，95% CI -.26%，-4.9%；调整后的患病率比 . 97, 95% CI .95–1.00, p  = .03)。

结论

我们观察到俄勒冈州高中女生的避孕药具使用率很高。尽管如此，与非残疾同龄人相比，残疾女孩报告使用避孕药具的可能性略低。鉴于性活跃的残疾青少年比例很高，避孕药具使用差异的幅度可能在全国范围内引起关注，有必要进行进一步的研究。