The assessment of DNA damage can be a significant diagnostic for precision medicine. DNA double strand break (DSBs) pathways in cancer are the primary targets in a majority of anticancer therapies, yet the molecular vulnerabilities that underlie each tumor can vary widely making the application of precision medicine challenging. Identifying and understanding these interindividual vulnerabilities enables the design of targeted DSB inhibitors along with evolving precision medicine approaches to selectively kill cancer cells with minimal side effects. A major challenge however, is defining exactly how to target unique differences in DSB repair pathway mechanisms. This review comprises a brief overview of the DSB repair mechanisms in cancer and includes results obtained with revolutionary advances such as CRISPR/Cas9 and machine learning/artificial intelligence, which are rapidly advancing not only our understanding of determinants of DSB repair choice, but also how it can be used to advance precision medicine. Scientific innovation in the methods used to diagnose and treat cancer is converging with advances in basic science and translational research. This revolution will continue to be a critical driver of precision medicine that will enable precise targeting of unique individual mechanisms. This review aims to lay the foundation for achieving this goal.

DNA损伤的评估可以是精准医学的重要诊断。癌症中的 DNA 双链断裂 (DSB) 途径是大多数抗癌疗法的主要靶点，但每种肿瘤的分子脆弱性可能差异很大，这使得精准医学的应用具有挑战性。识别和理解这些个体间的脆弱性使得靶向 DSB 抑制剂的设计以及不断发展的精准医学方法能够以最小的副作用选择性地杀死癌细胞。然而，一个主要挑战是准确定义如何针对 DSB 修复途径机制中的独特差异。这篇综述简要概述了癌症中的 DSB 修复机制，并包括通过 CRISPR/Cas9 和机器学习/人工智能等革命性进展获得的结果，这些进展不仅正在迅速推进我们对 DSB 修复选择决定因素的理解，而且还包括如何可用于推进精准医疗。用于诊断和治疗癌症的方法的科学创新正在与基础科学和转化研究的进展相融合。这场革命将继续成为精准医学的关键驱动力，它将能够精确定位独特的个体机制。本次审查旨在为实现这一目标奠定基础。以及如何将其用于推进精准医学。用于诊断和治疗癌症的方法的科学创新正在与基础科学和转化研究的进展相融合。这场革命将继续成为精准医学的关键驱动力，它将能够精确定位独特的个体机制。本次审查旨在为实现这一目标奠定基础。以及如何将其用于推进精准医学。用于诊断和治疗癌症的方法的科学创新正在与基础科学和转化研究的进展相融合。这场革命将继续成为精准医学的关键驱动力，它将能够精确定位独特的个体机制。本次审查旨在为实现这一目标奠定基础。