Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory disease that has led to a global pandemic and created a havoc. The COVID-19 disease severity varies among individuals, depending on fluctuating symptoms. Many infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and dengue hemorrhagic fever have been associated with ABO blood groups. The aim of this study was to explore whether ABO blood groups might serve as a risk or a protective factor for COVID-19 infection. Moreover, the symptomatic variations of COVID-19 infection among the individuals with different blood groups were also analyzed. An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted in which 305 partakers were included, who had successfully recovered from coronavirus infection. The ABO blood groups of 1294 healthy individuals were also taken as a control. The results of the current study demonstrated that antibody A containing blood groups (blood group B, p-value: 0.049 and blood group O, p-value: 0.289) had a protective role against COVID-19 infection. The comparison of symptomatic variations among COVID-19-infected subjects showed that blood group O subjects had lower chances of experiencing severe symptoms relating to respiratory distress, while subjects with AB blood group were more prone to develop symptoms, but the differences in both groups were found to be statistically non-significant. In conclusion, subjects who do not have anti-A antibodies in their serum (i.e., subjects with group A and AB) are more likely to be infected with COVID-19. The current data showed that there was no significant association of signs and symptoms variations of COVID-19 infection among individuals with different blood groups.

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基于问卷调查的 ABO 血型与 COVID-19 感染易感性和症状变异的分析

2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 是一种新型呼吸道疾病，已导致全球大流行并造成严重破坏。COVID-19 疾病的严重程度因人而异，具体取决于症状的波动。许多传染病，如乙型肝炎和登革出血热，都与 ABO 血型有关。本研究的目的是探讨 ABO 血型是否可能成为 COVID-19 感染的风险因素或保护因素。此外，还分析了不同血型个体之间感染COVID-19的症状差异。进行了一项基于在线问卷调查的调查，其中包括 305 名已成功从冠状病毒感染中康复的参与者。还取1294名健康人的ABO血型作为对照。目前的研究结果表明，含有血型的抗体A（B型血，p值：0.049和O型血，p值：0.289）对COVID-19感染具有保护作用。比较COVID-19感染者的症状变化表明，O型血受试者出现与呼吸窘迫相关的严重症状的几率较低，而AB型血型受试者更容易出现症状，但两组之间的差异发现统计上不显着。总之，血清中没有抗 A 抗体的受试者（即 A 组和 AB 组受试者）更有可能感染 COVID-19。目前的数据显示，不同血型的个体之间，COVID-19 感染的体征和症状变化没有显着关联。