Can specific policies support the economic integration of immigrants? Despite the crucial importance of this question, existing evidence is inconclusive. Using data from the European Social Survey, we estimate the effects of integration and anti-discrimination policies, alongside social expenditure and labor market regulation, on the labor market performance of 6,176 non-European immigrants across 23 European countries. We make three contributions: 1) we investigate the distinct role of discrete policy areas for labor market integration outcomes, 2) we allow for heterogeneous effects of policies on immigrants with different characteristics, and 3) we examine immigrants’ occupational attainment while accounting for their selection into employment. We find that immigrants’ employment chances are negatively associated with national levels of expenditure on welfare benefits but positively associated with policies facilitating immigrant access to social security. We also find that labor market rigidity is negatively associated with immigrants’ occupational attainment, but we find little evidence that policies aimed at supporting the transferability of immigrants’ qualifications promote their occupational success. Our results strongly suggest that anti-discrimination policies are important for immigrant economic integration. Yet while these policies are associated with greater occupational success for all female immigrants, they seem to be only positively associated with the occupational attainment of higher-skilled and non-Muslim immigrant men. As this article suggests, anti-discrimination policies can foster immigrants’ labor market success, yet these policies currently fail to reach those who face the strongest anti-immigrant sentiments — that is, unskilled male immigrants and Muslim immigrant men.

具体政策能否支持移民的经济融合？尽管这个问题至关重要，但现有证据尚无定论。使用欧洲社会调查的数据，我们估计了融合和反歧视政策以及社会支出和劳动力市场监管对 23 个欧洲国家的 6,176 名非欧洲移民的劳动力市场表现的影响。我们做出了三个贡献：1）我们调查了离散政策领域对劳动力市场整合结果的不同作用，2）我们允许政策对具有不同特征的移民产生异质影响，3）我们检查移民的职业成就，同时考虑他们的职业成就。选择就业。我们发现，移民的就业机会与国家福利支出水平呈负相关，但与促进移民获得社会保障的政策呈正相关。我们还发现劳动力市场刚性与移民的职业成就呈负相关，但我们发现几乎没有证据表明旨在支持移民资格可转移性的政策促进了他们的职业成功。我们的研究结果强烈表明反歧视政策对移民经济融合很重要。然而，虽然这些政策与所有女性移民在职业上取得更大的成功有关，但它们似乎只与高技能和非穆斯林移民男性的职业成就呈正相关。正如这篇文章所暗示的，