Abstract

A series of single hydrophobic chain high-energy surfactants with a nitrate group and an alkyl chain length of between C₈ and C₁₄ were synthesized using novel approaches. The structures of the obtained compounds were characterized by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, MS and IR spectroscopies. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of these high-energy surfactants were measured by the surface tension method and their principal surface activity parameters such as cmc, γ_cmc, pC₂₀, cmc/C₂₀, Γ_max, and A_min were determined. This article provides an elaborate discussion of the characteristics of the surface activity parameters and thermal stability that change with increasing length of the hydrophobic chains. For these high-energy surfactants, experiments have shown that longer hydrophobic chain leads to better surface activity, while slightly reducing thermal stability.

摘要

采用新方法合成了一系列具有硝酸酯基团且烷基链长度介于 C ₈和 C _{14之间的单疏水链高能表面活性剂。}所得化合物的结构通过¹ H-NMR、¹³ C-NMR、MS和IR光谱表征。此外，通过表面张力法测量了这些高能表面活性剂的物理和化学性质及其主要表面活性参数，如cmc、γ _cmc、 pC ₂₀、cmc/C ₂₀、Γ _max和A _min被确定。本文详细讨论了随着疏水链长度的增加而变化的表面活性参数和热稳定性的特征。对于这些高能表面活性剂，实验表明，较长的疏水链会导致更好的表面活性，同时略微降低热稳定性。