Abstract

Mycotoxins are among the major food contaminants, especially in Africa and in many developing countries. Contamination by mycotoxins has greater consequences in terms of both human and animal health as well as economics of these countries. This phenomenon may impact negatively Africa’s food availability and food security scenarios. This review evaluated mycotoxins in foods, safety of foods, consumer health and Africa’s food security. This review also gave comprehensive information on socio-economic implications of mycotoxins of foods and the effects on food security in Africa. In Africa, information concerning food contamination by mycotoxins is very scanty and the problem of storing agricultural produce under poor storage conditions that may predispose food to fungal infestation and subsequent mycotoxin contamination are common in African countries. Consumption of moldy produce or food contaminated with mycotoxins and the dangers of mycotoxicoses as well as the impact on public health necessitated a comprehensive approach to reduce the impact on public health and consumer safety. The challenges of food shortages, wars and conflicts, poor governance and planning in African countries have increased the problems of mycotoxins in Africa. In order to improve food safety, consumer health and availability of needed food by the teeming African population, education and enlightenment of Africans on the economic and health implications of mycotoxins are very crucial. The major techniques for control and mitigation of mycotoxins need to be explained to consumers. A robust regulatory control and effective analyses and detection of mycotoxins as well as good produce handling and storage are important to stem the tides of effects of mycotoxins in foods in Africa countries to improve consumer health and food security.