Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no clear causative event making the disease difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathological hallmarks of AD include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread neuronal loss. Amyloid-beta has been extensively studied and targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but the success rate in clinical practice is minimal. Recently, neuroinflammation has been focused on as the event in AD progression to be targeted for therapies. Various mechanistic pathways including cytokines and chemokines, complement system, oxidative stress, and cyclooxygenase pathways are linked to neuroinflammation in the AD brain. Many cells including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes work together to protect the brain from injury. This review is focused to better understand the AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to slow down the progression of AD.

中文翻译：

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炎症和阿尔茨海默病：天然产物的机制和治疗意义


阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种神经退行性疾病，没有明确的病因，因此难以诊断和治疗。 AD 的病理特征包括淀粉样蛋白斑、神经原纤维缠结和广泛的神经元丢失。 β淀粉样蛋白已被广泛研究并有针对性地开发有效的疾病缓解疗法，但临床实践中的成功率很低。最近，神经炎症作为 AD 进展中的事件而受到关注，成为治疗的目标。各种机制途径，包括细胞因子和趋化因子、补体系统、氧化应激和环加氧酶途径，都与 AD 大脑中的神经炎症有关。包括小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞在内的许多细胞共同作用，保护大脑免受损伤。本综述的重点是更好地了解 AD 炎症和免疫调节过程，以开发新型抗炎药物来减缓 AD 的进展。