Wireless sensor networks applications have been used in many areas that are difficult to access by humans. However, Routing remains the key challenges in sensor networks as it is important for the timely delivery of sensed datato the base station. In recent years, Multipath Routing has been used to ensure reliable and scalable data transmission in WSN. Although many multipath routing algorithms have been proposed, very few protocols have been focused on the Quality of Service (QoS) based routing. This paper proposes a QoS-aware, multipath routing protocol in which sensor nodes are clustered using the hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Cuckoo Search Optimization algorithm. The proposed protocol then chooses multiple stable paths (optimized network routing) using the Cluster Heads to transmit data based on multi-hop communication. Unlike the existing protocols, it relies on paths that do not affect QoS for rapid data transmission. It also extends the network lifetime by changing the Cluster Heads periodically based on the residual energy and uses the optimal number of paths to data transmission unlike the existing QoS Centric protocols. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated using NS-2 Simulator in different scenarios. The proposed protocol outperforms current protocols in terms of QoS parameters such as throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and network lifetime, according to simulation results.

无线传感器网络应用已被用于人类难以访问的许多领域。然而，路由仍然是传感器网络中的关键挑战，因为它对于将感测数据及时传送到基站很重要。近年来，多径路由已被用于确保 WSN 中可靠和可扩展的数据传输。尽管已经提出了许多多路径路由算法，但很少有协议关注基于服务质量 (QoS) 的路由。本文提出了一种 QoS 感知、多路径路由协议，其中传感器节点使用混合粒子群优化 - 布谷鸟搜索优化算法进行聚类。所提出的协议然后使用簇头选择多条稳定路径（优化的网络路由）以基于多跳通信传输数据。与现有协议不同，它依赖于不影响 QoS 的路径进行快速数据传输。它还通过根据剩余能量定期更改簇头来延长网络寿命，并使用最佳数量的路径进行数据传输，这与现有的以 QoS 为中心的协议不同。在不同场景下使用 NS-2 模拟器评估所提出协议的性能。根据仿真结果，所提出的协议在诸如吞吐量、数据包传递率、端到端延迟和网络寿命等 QoS 参数方面优于当前协议。它还通过根据剩余能量定期更改簇头来延长网络寿命，并使用最佳数量的路径进行数据传输，这与现有的以 QoS 为中心的协议不同。在不同场景下使用 NS-2 模拟器评估所提出协议的性能。根据仿真结果，所提出的协议在诸如吞吐量、数据包传递率、端到端延迟和网络寿命等 QoS 参数方面优于当前协议。它还通过根据剩余能量定期更改簇头来延长网络寿命，并使用最佳数量的路径进行数据传输，这与现有的以 QoS 为中心的协议不同。在不同场景中使用 NS-2 模拟器评估所提出协议的性能。根据仿真结果，所提出的协议在诸如吞吐量、数据包传递率、端到端延迟和网络寿命等 QoS 参数方面优于当前协议。