In recent years, the development of personal protective equipment (PPE) for health care workers (HCWs) attracted enormous attention, especially during the pandemic of COVID-19. The semi-permeable protective clothing and the prolonged working hours make the thermal comfort a critical issue for HCWs. Although there are many commercially available personal cooling products for PPE systems, they are either heavy in weight or have limited durability. Besides, most of the existing solutions cannot relieve the perspiration efficiently within the insolation gowns. To avoid heat strain and ensure a longtime thermal comfort, new strategies that provide efficient personal thermal and moisture management without compromising health protection are required. This paper reviews the emerging materials for protective gown layers and advanced technologies for personal thermal and moisture management of PPE systems. These materials and strategies are examined in detail with respect to their fundamental working principles, thermal and mechanical properties, fabrication methods as well as advantages and limitations in their prospective applications, aiming at stimulating creative thinking and multidisciplinary collaboration to improve the thermal comfort of PPEs.

近年来，医护人员（HCW）个人防护装备（PPE）的发展引起了极大关注，特别是在COVID-19大流行期间。半渗透性防护服和长时间的工作使得热舒适性成为医护人员面临的关键问题。尽管有许多用于个人防护装备系统的商用个人冷却产品，但它们要么重量重，要么耐用性有限。此外，大多数现有的解决方案不能有效地缓解防晒衣内的排汗。为了避免热应变并确保长期的热舒适性，需要新的策略来提供有效的个人热和湿度管理，同时又不影响健康保护。本文回顾了用于防护服层的新兴材料以及个人防护装备系统的个人热量和湿度管理的先进技术。对这些材料和策略的基本工作原理、热性能和机械性能、制造方法以及其未来应用中的优点和局限性进行了详细研究，旨在激发创造性思维和多学科合作，以提高个人防护装备的热舒适性。