Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most common surgical pathology associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, the cause of TLE with or without HS remains unknown. Our current study aimed to illustrate the essential molecular mechanism that is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of TLE-HS and to shed light on the transcriptional changes associated with hippocampal sclerosis. Compared to no-HS group, 341 mRNA transcripts and 131 circRNA transcripts were differentially expressed in ILAE type 1 group. The raw sequencing data have been deposited into sequence-read archive (SRA) database under accession number PRJNA699348.Gene Ontology analysis demonstrated that the dysregulated genes were associated with the biological processes of vesicle-mediated transport. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that dysregulated genes were involved mainly in the MAPK signal pathway. Subsequently, A total of 441 known or predicted interactions were formed among DEGs, and the most important module was detected in the PPI network using the MCODE plug-in. There were mainly four functional modules enriched: ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane, Basal transcription factors, GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity, CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly. A circRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed including 5 circRNAs(hsa_circ_0025349, hsa_circ_0002405, hsa_circ_0004805, hsa_circ_0032254, and hsa_circ_0032875) and three mRNAs (FYN, SELENBP1, and GRIPAP1) based on the normalized mRNA signal intensities. This is the first to report the circRNAs and mRNAs expression profile of surgically resected hippocampal tissues from TLE patients of ILAE-1 and no-HS, and these results may provide new insight into the transcriptional changes associated with this pathology.

海马硬化（HS）是与颞叶癫痫（TLE）相关的最常见的外科病理学。然而，伴有或不伴有 HS 的 TLE 的原因仍然未知。我们目前的研究旨在阐明可能参与 TLE-HS 发病机制的基本分子机制，并阐明与海马硬化相关的转录变化。与 no-HS 组相比，ILAE 1 型组有 341 个 mRNA 转录物和 131 个 circRNA 转录物差异表达。原始测序数据已以登录号 PRJNA699348 保存在序列读取档案 (SRA) 数据库中。基因本体分析表明，失调的基因与囊泡介导的转运的生物学过程有关。富集分析表明失调的基因主要参与 MAPK 信号通路。随后，DEG之间共形成了441个已知或预测的交互，并使用MCODE插件在PPI网络中检测到最重要的模块。主要富集了四个功能模块：ER到高尔基转运囊泡膜、基础转录因子、GABA门控氯离子通道活性、含有CENP-A的核小体组装。基于归一化的 mRNA 信号强度构建了一个 circRNA-mRNA 共表达网络，包括 5 个 circRNA（hsa_circ_0025349、hsa_circ_0002405、hsa_circ_0004805、hsa_circ_0032254 和 hsa_circ_0032875）和 ​​3 个 mRNA（FYN、SELENBP1 和 GRIPAP1）。