Powder-based (inkjet) three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology presents great promise in the construction industry. The capacity to build complex geometries is one of the most appealing features of the process without formwork. This article focuses on the vital aspect of using a modified powder (CP) instead of commercial powder (ZP 151). It also discusses the effects of the size of specimens and the curing process of 3DP specimens. This article presents not only the improved mechanical properties of the mortar that are revealed through a heat-curing procedure but also the properties of the reinforced mortar with chopped glass fibers. Experiments are conducted on cubic printed mortar specimens and cured in an oven at different temperature regimes. Tests show that 80°C is the optimum heat-curing temperature to attain the highest compressive and flexural strength of the specimens. The orientation angle has a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of printed specimens. Therefore, specimens are prepared by printing at different orientation angles to compare the mechanical properties of common construction materials. Powder-based 3DP has three planes (XY, XZ, and YZ) along which a load can be applied to the specimen. The mechanical strength in each direction across each plane is different, making it an anisotropic material. For CP specimens, the highest compressive strength was obtained using a 0° rotation in the printing orientation of the XY plane. For shear strength, a 45° orientation gave the optimum result, while for tensile and flexural strength, a 0° orientation provided the highest values. The optimum strength for ZP 151 specimens in compression, shear, tension, and bending was obtained by printing with orientation angles of 0°, 30°, 0°, and 0°, respectively. Finally, laser scanning of the printed specimens has been conducted so the surface roughness profiles for the 3DP specimens of ZP 151 and CP can be compared and presented.

中文翻译：

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不同取向角、尺寸、表面粗糙度和热固化对粉末基 3DP 中含/不含玻璃纤维 3D 打印水泥砂浆力学行为的影响


粉末基（喷墨）三维打印（3DP）技术在建筑行业展现出巨大的前景。建造复杂几何形状的能力是无模板工艺最吸引人的特点之一。本文重点介绍使用改性粉末 (CP) 代替商业粉末 (ZP 151) 的重要方面。它还讨论了样品尺寸和 3DP 样品固化过程的影响。本文不仅介绍了通过热固化过程改进的砂浆机械性能，还介绍了短切玻璃纤维增​​强砂浆的性能。实验在立方体印刷砂浆样本上进行，并在不同温度条件下在烤箱中固化。测试表明，80℃是获得试件最高抗压和抗弯强度的最佳热固化温度。取向角对打印样品的机械行为有显着影响。因此，通过以不同方向角度打印来制备样本，以比较常见建筑材料的机械性能。粉末基 3DP 具有三个平面（ XY 、 XZ和YZ ），可以沿着这三个平面向样品施加载荷。每个平面上每个方向的机械强度都不同，使其成为各向异性材料。对于 CP 样本，在XY平面打印方向上旋转 0° 可以获得最高的抗压强度。对于剪切强度，45° 方向提供最佳结果，而对于拉伸和弯曲强度，0° 方向提供最高值。 ZP 151 样品在压缩、剪切、拉伸和弯曲方面的最佳强度是通过分别以 0°、30°、0° 和 0° 的取向角打印获得的。最后，对打印的样品进行激光扫描，以便可以比较和呈现 ZP 151 和 CP 3DP 样品的表面粗糙度轮廓。