With the proliferation of mobile devices with bandwidth-hungry applications, mmWave communication is considered a key enabling technology for 5G and beyond cellular networks. One very promising use of mmWave communication is in wireless backhaul, which has also been investigated by 3GPP as part of an integrated access and backhaul study. Unfortunately, the network performance is hard to predict due to the sensitivity of mmWave signals to blockages, which can result in frequent communication outages. In this paper, we consider wireless backhaul links deployed along the side of a road, which have been widely proposed both in urban environments and on highways. We first investigate the inherent robustness of an interference-free topology for roadside mmWave backhaul. Based on a novel four-type blockage model, we apply stochastic geometry to derive blockage probabilities as a function of the topology parameters and obstacle density, which yields insights that lead to a more robust topology. We then present mechanisms to tolerate any blockages that do occur through reconfiguration. Through extensive simulations, the performance of our proposed algorithms are evaluated for different road scenarios and network topologies. Results show that our algorithms not only achieve high throughputs close to the no-blockage case for mmWave backhaul, but also provide high blockage tolerance rates even in the presence of multiple obstacles along the road.

随着具有高带宽应用的移动设备的激增，毫米波通信被认为是 5G 及其他蜂窝网络的关键支持技术。毫米波通信的一个非常有前景的用途是无线回程，3GPP 也将其作为综合接入和回程研究的一部分进行了调查。不幸的是，由于毫米波信号对阻塞的敏感性，网络性能很难预测，这可能导致频繁的通信中断。在本文中，我们考虑沿道路部署的无线回程链路，这些链路已在城市环境和高速公路上广泛提出。我们首先研究了用于路边毫米波回程的无干扰拓扑的固有稳健性。基于新颖的四类堵塞模型，我们应用随机几何来推导阻塞概率作为拓扑参数和障碍物密度的函数，从而产生导致更稳健拓扑的见解。然后，我们提出了容忍通过重新配置确实发生的任何阻塞的机制。通过广泛的模拟，我们针对不同的道路场景和网络拓扑评估了我们提出的算法的性能。结果表明，我们的算法不仅实现了接近毫米波回程无阻塞情况的高吞吐量，而且即使在道路沿线存在多个障碍的情况下也能提供高阻塞容错率。然后，我们提出了容忍通过重新配置确实发生的任何阻塞的机制。通过广泛的模拟，我们针对不同的道路场景和网络拓扑评估了我们提出的算法的性能。结果表明，我们的算法不仅实现了接近毫米波回程无阻塞情况的高吞吐量，而且即使在道路沿线存在多个障碍的情况下也能提供高阻塞容错率。然后，我们提出了容忍通过重新配置确实发生的任何阻塞的机制。通过广泛的模拟，我们针对不同的道路场景和网络拓扑评估了我们提出的算法的性能。结果表明，我们的算法不仅实现了接近毫米波回程无阻塞情况的高吞吐量，而且即使在道路沿线存在多个障碍的情况下也能提供高阻塞容错率。