ABSTRACT

Background

This study aimed to identify risk and protective factors associated with substance use among Iranian university students.

Methods

We searched for studies in English published from January 1, 1995 to February 20, 2021, on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science to identify primary studies on the factors associated with substance use among university students.

Results

Out of 8,481 articles, 39 studies met eligibility criteria. Our findings showed a pooled prevalence rate of alcohol use 23% (95% CI, 8% 39%), smoking 21% (95% CI, 6% 37%) and other drug use 14% (95% CI, 10% 18%) in the last year among student. Hookah use, living alone, being a current cigarette smoker, and other drug use were significantly associated with alcohol use. The findings of the present study showed that being male, older age, alcohol use, had depression, had parents or friends who smoke, and religious beliefs were significantly associated with smoking among students. This meta-analysis also showed that living alone, alcohol use, history of drug use, and hookah use were significantly associated with drug use among students.

Conclusion

Substance use prevention programs provided by universities could be improved by signifying high-risk populations addressed by the related literature.

中文翻译：

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伊朗大学生的物质使用和相关因素：荟萃分析

摘要

背景

本研究旨在确定与伊朗大学生物质使用相关的风险和保护因素。

方法

我们检索了 1995 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 2 月 20 日在 PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane 和 Web of Science 上发表的英文研究，以确定与大学生物质使用相关因素的初步研究。

结果

在 8,481 篇文章中，39 项研究符合资格标准。我们的研究结果显示，酒精使用的综合流行率为 23%（95% CI，8% 39%），吸烟为 21%（95% CI，6% 37%）和其他药物使用 14%（95% CI，10% 18 %) 在学生中的最后一年。使用水烟、独居、当前吸烟和其他药物使用与酒精使用显着相关。本研究的结果表明，男性、年龄较大、饮酒、患有抑郁症、父母或朋友吸烟以及宗教信仰与学生吸烟显着相关。这项荟萃分析还表明，独居、饮酒、吸毒史和水烟使用与学生吸毒显着相关。

结论

大学提供的物质使用预防计划可以通过标示相关文献中提到的高危人群来改进。