Planar metasurfaces provide exceptional wavefront manipulation at the subwavelength scale by controlling the phase of the light. Here, we introduce an out-of-plane nanohole-based metasurface design with the implementation of a unique self-rolling technique. The photoresist-based technique enables the fabrication of the metasurface formed by nanohole arrays on gold (Au) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) rolled-up microtubes. The curved nature of the tube allows the fabrication of an out-of-plane metasurface that can effectively control the wavefront compared to the common planar counterparts. This effect is verified by the spectral measurements of the fabricated samples. In addition, we analytically calculated the dispersion relation to identify the resonance wavelength of the structure and numerically calculate the phase of the transmitted light through the holes with different sizes. Our work forms the basis for the unique platform to introduce a new feature to the metasurfaces, which may find many applications from stacked metasurface layers to optical trapping particles inside the tube.

中文翻译：

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使用基于纳米孔阵列的平面外超表面进行波前控制

平面超表面通过控制光的相位，在亚波长尺度上提供出色的波前处理。在这里，我们介绍了一种基于面外纳米孔的超表面设计，并实施了独特的自滚动技术。基于光刻胶的技术能够制造由纳米孔阵列在金 (Au) 和二氧化硅 (SiO ₂) 卷起的微管。管的弯曲性质允许制造平面外超表面，与常见的平面对应物相比，可以有效地控制波前。这种效果通过制造样品的光谱测量得到验证。此外，我们通过分析计算色散关系来识别结构的共振波长，并数值计算通过不同尺寸孔的透射光的相位。我们的工作构成了为超表面引入新特征的独特平台的基础，这可能会发现从堆叠超表面层到管内光学捕获粒子的许多应用。