In the present study, we aimed to compare clinical and radiological findings between patients with and without pulmonary embolism (PE) and determine possible risk factors for PE development among patients with cancer. This was a retrospective study that examined the clinical features and tomographic findings of patients with cancer who underwent thoracic tomography for suspected PE. A total of 487 cases were included in the study. Of which, 45 (9.2%) patients were found to have PE. The effect of gender on PE was found to be significant (p = 0.018). Patients with PE compared to those without PE are 2.828 times more likely to be women than men. It was determined that the probability of not having a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) was 2.930 times (p = 0.036), probability of shortness of breath was 4.153 times (p < 0.001), syncope/presyncope was 6.859 times (p = 0.007), and palpitation was 5.613 times (p = 0.040) more in those with PE compared to those without PE. The mean pulse rate per minute was significantly higher in patients with PE than in those without (p = 0.009). Ninety-one percent of patients had parenchymal abnormalities, 43.7% had mediastinal and cardiovascular abnormalities, 35.5% had pleural abnormalities, 32.9% had thoracic wall abnormalities (p = 0.109, p < 0.001, p = 0.022, p = 0.685, respectively). Our study demonstrated that patients with PE were more likely to be women, patients with a history of palpitations, shortness of breath, syncope/presyncope, and those not having a history of CAD. More comprehensive studies are required in the future to clearly identify the risk factors for PE in patients with cancer and clarify the indications for tomography.

在本研究中，我们旨在比较有和没有肺栓塞 (PE) 患者的临床和放射学结果，并确定癌症患者发生肺栓塞的可能危险因素。这是一项回顾性研究，检查了因疑似 PE 而接受胸部断层扫描的癌症患者的临床特征和断层扫描结果。共有 487 例病例被纳入研究。其中，45例（9.2%）患者被发现有PE。发现性别对 PE 的影响是显着的 ( p  = 0.018)。与没有 PE 的患者相比，患有 PE 的患者成为女性的可能性是男性的 2.828 倍。确定没有冠状动脉疾病（CAD）病史的概率是2.930倍（p = 0.036)，与没有 PE 的患者相比，有 PE 的患者 发生呼吸短促的概率为 4.153 倍 ( p  < 0.001)，晕厥/晕厥前为 6.859 倍 ( p  = 0.007)，心悸的可能性为 5.613 倍 ( p = 0.040) . PE 患者的每分钟平均脉率明显高于没有 PE 的患者（p  = 0.009）。91%的患者有实质异常，43.7%有纵隔和心血管异常，35.5%有胸膜异常，32.9%有胸壁异常（p  =0.109，p  <0.001，p  =0.022，p = 0.685，分别）。我们的研究表明，PE 患者更可能是女性、有心悸、气短、晕厥/先兆晕厥史的患者以及没有 CAD 病史的患者。未来需要进行更全面的研究，以明确确定癌症患者 PE 的危险因素，并明确断层扫描的适应症。