Purpose

The analysis of boundary layers is needed to reflect the behaviour of fluid flows in current industrial processes and to improve the efficacy of products. Hence, this study aims to analyse the flow and heat transfer performance of hybrid alumina-copper/water (Al₂O₃-Cu/H₂O) nanofluid with the inclusion of activation energy and binary chemical reaction effect towards a moving wedge.

Design/methodology/approach

The multivariable differential equations with partial derivatives are converted into a specific type of ordinary differential equations by using valid similarity transformations. The reduced mathematical model is elucidated in the MATLAB system by using the bvp4c procedure. This solution method is competent in delivering multiple solutions once appropriate assumptions are supplied.

Findings

The results of multiple control parameters have been studied, and the findings are verified to provide more than one solution. The coefficient of skin friction was discovered to be increased by adding nanoparticles volume fraction from 0% to 0.5% and 1%, by almost 1.6% and 3.2%. Besides, increasing the nanoparticles volume fraction improves heat transfer efficiency gradually. The inclusion of the activation energy factor displays a downward trend in the mass transfer rates, consequently reducing the concentration profile. In contrast, the increment of the binary reaction rate greatly facilitates the augmentation of mass transfer rates. There is a significant enhancement in the heat transfer rate, approximately 13.2%, when the suction effect dominates about 10% in the boundary layer flow. Additionally, the results revealed that as the activation energy rises, the temperature and concentration profiles rise as well. It is proved that the activation energy parameter boosts the concentration of chemical species in the boundary layer. A similar pattern emerges as the wedge angle parameter increases. The current effort aims to improve the thermal analysis process, particularly in real-world applications such as geothermal reservoirs, chemical engineering and food processing, which often encountered mass transfer phenomenon followed by chemical reactions with activation energy.

Originality/value

The present results are original and new for the study of flow and heat transfer over a permeable moving wedge in a hybrid nanofluid with activation energy and binary chemical reaction.

中文翻译：

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具有活化能和二元化学反应的混合纳米流体中可渗透移动楔上的流动和传热

目的

需要对边界层进行分析，以反映当前工业过程中流体流动的行为并提高产品的功效。_{因此，本研究旨在分析混合氧化铝-铜/水（Al 2} O ₃ -Cu/H ₂ O）纳米流体的流动和传热性能，包括活化能和对移动楔的二元化学反应效应。

设计/方法/方法

通过使用有效的相似变换将具有偏导数的多元微分方程转换为特定类型的常微分方程。通过使用 bvp4c 程序在 MATLAB 系统中阐明了简化的数学模型。一旦提供了适当的假设，这种解决方法就可以提供多种解决方案。

发现

对多个控制参数的结果进行了研究，并验证了研究结果以提供不止一种解决方案。发现通过添加纳米颗粒体积分数从 0% 到 0.5% 和 1%，皮肤摩擦系数增加了近 1.6% 和 3.2%。此外，增加纳米颗粒的体积分数会逐渐提高传热效率。包含活化能因子显示传质速率呈下降趋势，从而降低浓度分布。相反，二元反应速率的增加极大地促进了传质速率的增加。当吸力效应在边界层流动中占主导地位约 10% 时，传热率显着提高，约为 13.2%。此外，结果表明，随着活化能的升高，温度和浓度分布也随之升高。证明了活化能参数提高了边界层中化学物质的浓度。随着楔角参数的增加，出现了类似的模式。目前的工作旨在改进热分析过程，特别是在地热储层、化学工程和食品加工等实际应用中，这些应用经常遇到传质现象，然后发生化学反应与活化能。

原创性/价值

目前的结果对于研究具有活化能和二元化学反应的混合纳米流体中的可渗透移动楔上的流动和传热是新颖的。