Map applications on mobile devices such as smartphones and smartwatches have become ubiquitous. When visualizing spatial data on such small-screen devices, one major challenge is annotating the data with labels (e.g., small icons). The restricted space requires new visualization techniques as established strategies, such as maximizing the number of placed labels, easily lead to the omission of information. We propose an approach that distributes all labels contained in a temporarily fixed map section on multiple pages. Applying interaction techniques for navigating through the pages, a user can access all information both without any overlapping labels and without the need for zooming. We propose a method with two phases; a pre-processing phase and a query phase. We use an optimization approach to pre-compute labelings on the level of a whole city and provide the on-demand querying of individual labelings at a more local level. Our approach provides a consistent label-page assignment, meaning that labels do not appear and disappear when the user pans the map. Further, our model provides quick access to important information and a spatially balanced distribution of labels on pages. In experiments on real-world data we analyze different parameter settings and show that our model yields high-quality labelings.

智能手机和智能手表等移动设备上的地图应用程序已经无处不在。在此类小屏幕设备上可视化空间数据时，一项主要挑战是使用标签（例如小图标）对数据进行注释。受限空间需要新的可视化技术作为既定策略，例如最大化放置标签的数量，容易导致信息遗漏。我们提出了一种将临时固定地图部分中包含的所有标签分布在多个页面上的方法。应用交互技术来浏览页面，用户可以访问所有信息，无需任何重叠标签，也无需缩放。我们提出了一种具有两个阶段的方法；一个预处理阶段和一个查询相. 我们使用优化方法在整个城市的级别上预先计算标签，并在更本地的级别上提供对单个标签的按需查询。我们的方法提供了一致的标签页面分配，这意味着当用户平移地图时标签不会出现和消失。此外，我们的模型提供了对重要信息的快速访问和页面上标签的空间平衡分布。在真实世界数据的实验中，我们分析了不同的参数设置，并表明我们的模型产生了高质量的标签。