Flexible sensors are of great interests for future applications in the next-generation intelligent lifestyles. However, available fabrication methods exhibit shortages such as tedious preparation process and non-environmentally friendly matrix, while the obtained sensors usually possess poor ability to discriminate stress from different directions. Here, we propose a highly sensitive aligned graphene/sodium alginate (SA) aerogel sensor with anisotropic properties fabricated through a facile unidirectional freezing method. The resulted orientated nanostructure combined with designed SA/Ca²⁺ network endows the aerogel with desired anisotropic properties and enhanced mechanical properties. The anisotropic performance data of resistance, strain sensitivity and compressive strength between the two directions reach up to 57, 3 and 1.5 times respectively. Moreover, the obtained sensors can be used in expression recognition and real-time health monitoring owing to the excellent sensitivity and desired anisotropic conductive response ability. This work is a step toward bio-based high-performance anisotropic strain sensors, which opens up new opportunities for the design and fabrication of advanced intelligent electronic devices for future lifestyles.

柔性传感器对于下一代智能生活方式的未来应用具有重要意义。然而，现有的制造方法存在制备过程繁琐、基质不环保等缺点，而获得的传感器通常对不同方向应力的辨别能力较差。在这里，我们提出了一种通过简便的单向冷冻方法制造的具有各向异性特性的高灵敏度对齐石墨烯/海藻酸钠 (SA)气凝胶传感器。所得定向纳米结构结合设计的 SA/Ca²⁺网络赋予气凝胶所需的各向异性和增强的机械性能。两个方向之间的电阻、应变敏感性和抗压强度各向异性性能数据分别达到57、3和1.5倍。此外，由于其优异的灵敏度和所需的各向异性导电响应能力，所获得的传感器可用于表情识别和实时健康监测。这项工作是朝着基于生物的高性能各向异性应变传感器迈出的一步，为设计和制造适合未来生活方式的先进智能电子设备开辟了新的机会。