Domestication processes and artificial selection are likely to leave signatures that can be detected at a molecular level in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These signatures of selection are genomic regions that contain functional genetic variants conferring a higher fitness to their bearers. We genotyped 749 rainbow trout from a commercial population using a rainbow trout Axiom 57 K SNP array panel and identified putative genomic regions under selection using the pcadapt, Composite Likelihood Ratio (CLR) and Integrated Haplotype Score (iHS) methods. After applying quality-control pipelines and statistical analyses, we detected 12, 96 and 16 SNPs putatively under selection, associated with 96, 781 and 115 candidate genes, respectively. Several of these candidate genes were associated with growth, early development, reproduction, behavior and immune system traits. In addition, some of the SNPs were found in interesting regions located in autosomal inversions on Omy05 and Omy20. These findings could represent a genome-wide map of selection signatures in farmed rainbow trout and could be important in explaining domestication and selection for genetic traits of commercial interest.

驯化过程和人工选择可能会留下可以在养殖虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss ）的分子水平上检测到的特征。这些选择特征是基因组区域，其中包含赋予其承载者更高适应性的功能性遗传变异。我们使用虹鳟鱼 Axiom 57 K SNP 阵列面板对来自商业种群的 749 条虹鳟鱼进行基因分型，并使用pcadap t、复合似然比 ( CLR ) 和综合单倍型评分 ( iHS )确定选择的推定基因组区域） 方法。在应用质量控制流程和统计分析后，我们检测到推定选择的 12、96 和 16 个 SNP，分别与 96、781 和 115 个候选基因相关。其中一些候选基因与生长、早期发育、繁殖、行为和免疫系统特征有关。此外，在 Omy05 和 Omy20 常染色体倒位的有趣区域中发现了一些 SNP。这些发现可能代表了养殖虹鳟鱼选择特征的全基因组图谱，并且对于解释具有商业利益的遗传性状的驯化和选择可能很重要。