The excessive deposition of β-amyloid proteins (Aβ) is directly correlated with the establishment and development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Current treatments for AD only reduce symptoms instead of acting on Aβ, which is the primary etiological agent. Hence, the anti-amyloid effect of regular exercise has been widely investigated as an alternative therapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the anti-amyloid effect of regular physical exercise in animal models of AD. The search was conducted on the electronic databases Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science without data limitation and using the following describers: “amyloid beta” (OR senile plaque OR amyloid plaque) and “exercise” (OR physical activity OR training). The risk of bias was evaluated using the SYRCLE's tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using models of random continuous effects. A total of 36 studies were selected and most used: transgenic mice (n = 29), treadmill training, duration of 12 weeks (interval of 4 to 28 weeks), rate of 60 min/day (interval of 30 min and up until free access) and speed of 12 m/min (interval of 3.2 to 32 m/min). The hippocampus and cortex were the most frequently investigated regions. Meta-analysis demonstrated a decrease in Aβ with greater effect in unspecified isoforms Meta-analysis demonstrated a decrease in Aβ with greater effect in unspecified isoforms (N = 4; SMD = −2.71, IC 95%: −3.59, −1.84, p < 0.00001, Q2 = 3.38, I2 = 11%) and Aβ_1-42 (N = 21; SMD = −1.94, IC 95%: −2.37, −1.51, p < 0.00001, Q2 = 33,37, I2 = 40%). Concerning training, greater effect was found with: 1) swimming (N = 4; SMD = −1.98, IC 95%: −3,28 – −0,68, p = 0.003, Q2 = 9.74, I2 = 69%), 2) moderate intensity (N = 4; SMD = −2.03, IC 95%: −3.31 – −0.75, p < 0.005, Q² = 12.68, I² = 76%); 3) duration up to six weeks (N = 6; N = 6; SMD = −2.35, IC 95%: −3.15 – −1.55, p < 0.00001, Q² = 8.38, I² = 40%); 4) young animals (SMD = −2.00, IC 95%: −2.59 – −1.42, p < 0.00001, Q² = 24.90, I² = 52%); 5) in the amygdala region (N = 1; SMD = −8.56, IC 95%: −12.88 – −4.23, p = 0.0001) and females (N = 4; SMD = −2.14, IC 95%: −3.48 – -0.79, p = 0.002, Q² = 10.31, I² = 71%). However, the reduction of Aβ was associated with decrease of amyloidogenic pathway and increase of non-amyloidogenic. Hence, regular physical exercise demonstrated anti-amyloid effect in experimental models of AD through positive alterations in APP processing through different signaling pathways.

β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）的过度沉积与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发生和发展直接相关。目前对 AD 的治疗只能减轻症状，而不是作用于 Aβ，而 Aβ 是主要的病原体。因此，经常锻炼的抗淀粉样蛋白作用已被广泛研究作为替代疗法。这项系统评价和荟萃分析检查了定期体育锻炼在 AD 动物模型中的抗淀粉样蛋白效应。搜索是在电子数据库 Pubmed、Embase、Scopus 和 Web of Science 上进行的，没有数据限制，并使用以下描述：“β淀粉样蛋白”（或老年斑或淀粉样蛋白斑）和“锻炼”（或身体活动或训练）。使用 SYRCLE 工具评估偏倚风险。使用随机连续效应模型进行荟萃分析。总共选择了 36 项研究并且使用最多：转基因小鼠（n = 29）、跑步机训练、持续时间 12 周（间隔 4 至 28 周）、速率 60 分钟/天（间隔 30 分钟直到自由访问）和 12 m/min 的速度（3.2 到 32 m/min 的间隔）。海马和皮层是最常被研究的区域。荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大 荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大（N = 4；SMD = -2.71，IC 95%：-3.59，-1.84，p < 0.00001, Q2 = 3.38, I2 = 11%) 和 Aβ 速度为 60 分钟/天（间隔为 30 分钟，直到可以自由进入）和速度为 12 m/min（间隔为 3.2 至 32 m/min）。海马和皮层是最常被研究的区域。荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大 荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大（N = 4；SMD = -2.71，IC 95%：-3.59，-1.84，p < 0.00001, Q2 = 3.38, I2 = 11%) 和 Aβ 速度为 60 分钟/天（间隔为 30 分钟，直到可以自由进入）和速度为 12 m/min（间隔为 3.2 至 32 m/min）。海马和皮层是最常被研究的区域。荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大 荟萃分析表明 Aβ 减少，对未指定同种型的影响更大（N = 4；SMD = -2.71，IC 95%：-3.59，-1.84，p < 0.00001, Q2 = 3.38, I2 = 11%) 和 Aβ_1-42 (N = 21; SMD = -1.94, IC 95%: -2.37, -1.51, p < 0.00001, Q2 = 33,37, I2 = 40%)。关于训练，发现了更大的效果：1) 游泳（N = 4；SMD = -1.98，IC 95%：-3,28 – -0,68，p = 0.003，Q2 = 9.74，I2 = 69%）， 2) 中等强度（N = 4；SMD = -2.03，IC 95%：-3.31 – -0.75，p < 0.005，Q ²  = 12.68，I ²  = 76%）；3) 持续时间长达六周（N = 6；N = 6；SMD = -2.35，IC 95%：-3.15 – -1.55，p < 0.00001，Q ²  = 8.38，I ²  = 40%）；4) 年轻动物 (SMD = -2.00, IC 95%: -2.59 – -1.42, p < 0.00001, Q ²  = 24.90, I ² = 52%); 5) 在杏仁核区域 (N = 1; SMD = -8.56, IC 95%: -12.88 – -4.23, p = 0.0001) 和女性 (N = 4; SMD = -2.14, IC 95%: -3.48 – - 0.79，p = 0.002，Q ²  = 10.31，I ²  = 71%）。然而，Aβ的减少与淀粉样蛋白通路的减少和非淀粉样蛋白通路的增加有关。因此，通过不同信号通路对 APP 处理的积极改变，定期体育锻炼在 AD 实验模型中证明了抗淀粉样蛋白的作用。