The ethnoracial diversification of rural America is gaining more attention in scholarly and policy circles, but its impact on rural school districts is often overlooked. We use federal data sources to explore the magnitude and structure of rural ethnoracial diversity and to analyze variation in how U.S. rural school district demographics have changed nationally from 2000 to 2019. Employing a majority rule typology, we classify more than 5,000 school districts according to their ethnoracial structure. Our findings illustrate that rising Hispanic enrollment is a central element of changing rural public school student demographics nationwide. Since 2000, rural school districts have become more ethnoracially diverse, and rural students of most ethnicities/races have become less ethnoracially isolated. However, despite demographic changes resulting in more diversified district enrollments overall, segregation within rural districts persists. Furthermore, White enrollment in rural district types with the fewest White students declined twice as much as in the rural district types with the highest share of White students. Together, these patterns suggest how school segregation and opportunity hoarding can persist despite growth in districts’ ethnoracial diversity.

中文翻译：

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美国农村学区的种族多样性和种族隔离*

美国农村的种族多元化越来越受到学术界和政策界的关注，但它对农村学区的影响往往被忽视。我们使用联邦数据源来探索农村种族多样性的规模和结构，并分析美国农村学区人口统计数据从 2000 年到 2019 年在全国范围内的变化。采用多数规则类型学，我们根据他们的分类对 5,000 多个学区进行了分类。种族结构。我们的研究结果表明，西班牙裔入学人数的增加是改变全国农村公立学校学生人口统计数据的核心因素。自 2000 年以来，农村学区变得更加种族多元化，大多数种族/种族的农村学生的种族隔离程度有所降低。然而，尽管人口变化导致地区入学人数总体上更加多样化，但农村地区内的隔离依然存在。此外，白人学生最少的农村地区类型的白人入学率下降幅度是白人学生比例最高的农村地区类型的两倍。总之，这些模式表明，尽管学区的种族多样性有所增长，但学校隔离和机会囤积仍会持续下去。