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β-acetoxyisovaleryl alkannin (AAN-II) from Alkanna tinctoria promotes the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers in a rabbit model through the activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling
Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-31 , DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00278-5
Xiao Yang 1 , Weijing Fan 1 , Renyan Huang 1 , Guobin Liu 1, 2
Affiliation  

Alkannin-based pharmaceutical formulations for improving wound healing have been on the market for several years. However, detailed molecular mechanisms of their action have yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the potential roles of AAN-II in improving the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers using a rabbit model generated by combining deep vein thrombosis with a local skin defect/local skin defect. The extent of healing was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) or vimentin staining. Rabbit skin fibroblasts were cultured for AAN-II treatment or TGFB1-sgRNA lentivirus transfection. ELISA was used to evaluate the levels of various cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β and PDGF. The protein levels of TGF-β sensors, including TGF-β, Smad7 and phosphor-Smad3, and total Smad3, were assayed via western blotting after TGF-β knockout or AAN-II treatment. The results show that, for this model, AAN-II facilitates ulcer healing by suppressing the development of inflammation and promoting fibroblast proliferation and secretion of proangiogenic factors. AAN-II enhances the activation of the TGF-β1-Smad3 signaling pathway during skin ulcer healing. In addition, the results demonstrate that AAN-II and TGF-β have synergistic effects on ulcer healing. Our findings indicate that AAN-II can promote healing of pressure-induced venous skin ulcers via activation of TGF-β-Smad3 signaling in fibroblast cells and provide evidence that could be used in the development of more effective treatments.

中文翻译:

来自 Alkanna tinctoria 的 β-乙酰氧基异戊酰烷宁 (AAN-II) 通过激活 TGF-β/Smad3 信号传导促进兔模型中压力性静脉溃疡的愈合

用于改善伤口愈合的基于 Alkannin 的药物制剂已上市数年。然而,它们作用的详细分子机制尚未阐明。在这里,我们使用通过将深静脉血栓形成与局部皮肤缺损/局部皮肤缺损相结合生成的兔模型研究了 AAN-II 在改善压力性静脉溃疡愈合中的潜在作用。使用苏木精和伊红 (HE) 或波形蛋白染色评估愈合程度。培养兔皮肤成纤维细胞用于 AAN-II 治疗或 TGFB1-sgRNA 慢病毒转染。ELISA用于评估各种细胞因子的水平,包括IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF、bFGF、TGF-β和PDGF。TGF-β传感器的蛋白质水平,包括TGF-β、Smad7和磷-Smad3,以及总Smad3,在TGF-β敲除或AAN-II处理后通过蛋白质印迹测定。结果表明,对于该模型,AAN-II 通过抑制炎症的发展和促进成纤维细胞增殖和促血管生成因子的分泌来促进溃疡愈合。AAN-II 在皮肤溃疡愈合过程中增强 TGF-β1-Smad3 信号通路的激活。此外,结果表明AAN-II和TGF-β对溃疡愈合具有协同作用。我们的研究结果表明,AAN-II 可以通过激活成纤维细胞中的 TGF-β-Smad3 信号传导来促进压力诱导的静脉性皮肤溃疡的愈合,并提供可用于开发更有效治疗方法的证据。AAN-II 通过抑制炎症的发展和促进成纤维细胞增殖和促血管生成因子的分泌来促进溃疡愈合。AAN-II 在皮肤溃疡愈合过程中增强 TGF-β1-Smad3 信号通路的激活。此外,结果表明AAN-II和TGF-β对溃疡愈合具有协同作用。我们的研究结果表明,AAN-II 可以通过激活成纤维细胞中的 TGF-β-Smad3 信号传导来促进压力诱导的静脉性皮肤溃疡的愈合,并提供可用于开发更有效治疗方法的证据。AAN-II 通过抑制炎症的发展和促进成纤维细胞增殖和促血管生成因子的分泌来促进溃疡愈合。AAN-II 在皮肤溃疡愈合过程中增强 TGF-β1-Smad3 信号通路的激活。此外,结果表明AAN-II和TGF-β对溃疡愈合具有协同作用。我们的研究结果表明,AAN-II 可以通过激活成纤维细胞中的 TGF-β-Smad3 信号传导来促进压力诱导的静脉性皮肤溃疡的愈合,并提供可用于开发更有效治疗方法的证据。结果表明AAN-II和TGF-β对溃疡愈合具有协同作用。我们的研究结果表明,AAN-II 可以通过激活成纤维细胞中的 TGF-β-Smad3 信号传导来促进压力诱导的静脉性皮肤溃疡的愈合,并提供可用于开发更有效治疗方法的证据。结果表明AAN-II和TGF-β对溃疡愈合具有协同作用。我们的研究结果表明,AAN-II 可以通过激活成纤维细胞中的 TGF-β-Smad3 信号传导来促进压力诱导的静脉性皮肤溃疡的愈合,并提供可用于开发更有效治疗方法的证据。
更新日期:2021-08-01
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