In Western dual-educated, male-female marriages, women who divorce face greater burdens because of decreased income and primary or sole responsibility for caring for children than men who divorce. Why, then, do these women initiate divorce more and fare better psychologically after a divorce than men? Here, we articulate an evolutionary mismatch perspective, informed by key findings in relationship science. We argue that mismatches between women's evolved preferences and configurations of modern marriage often clash, producing dissatisfaction. Women's unprecedented career ascendance also affords women ever more freedom to leave. We discuss pressures from social expectations for men and women that contribute to or compound these vulnerabilities. We conclude with key questions for future research, which can contribute to strategies for mitigating relationship dissatisfaction and the profound loss and pain that results from divorce.

在西方受过双重教育的男女婚姻中，离婚的女性比离婚的男性面临更大的负担，因为收入减少以及照顾孩子的主要或唯一责任。那么，为什么这些女性在离婚后比男性更主动提出离婚，并且在心理上表现得更好？在这里，我们根据关系科学的主要发现阐明了进化不匹配的观点。我们认为，女性进化的偏好与现代婚姻结构之间的不匹配经常发生冲突，产生不满。女性空前的职业优势也为女性提供了更多的离职自由。我们讨论了导致或加剧这些脆弱性的男性和女性的社会期望压力。我们总结了未来研究的关键问题，