Recently, concept for an alloy having both glass forming ability and shape memory characteristics has been newly introduced based on the excellent functional properties of existing NiTi alloys. The physical properties of shape memory alloys (SMAs) fabricated through crystallization of glass precursor can be maximized by suppressing the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds and enabling the formation of nanocrystalline structure. The glass precursor is not only applied to small-sized devices easily, but it is possible to produce products with intricate geometry through thermoplastic forming. In addition, the shape memory effect or superelasticity can be manifested after crystallization. In this paper, typical quaternary NiTi-based SMAs and multicomponent NiTi-based SMAs fabricated using glass precursor are reviewed. Firstly, quaternary doping effects on the physical properties in NiTiCu and NiTiHf-based alloys, such as shape recovery characteristics, martensitic transformation, and mechanical behaviors, are introduced. Secondly, multicomponent SMA systems using glass precursor fabricated via rapid quenching are introduced. Glass forming ability, crystallization behavior and consequent transformation properties are discussed. SMA applications using glass precursors, including the micro/nanoscale manipulating tools which utilizes the unique shape memory properties, and the surface imprinting based on the superplasticity are introduced.

最近，基于现有 NiTi 合金的优异功能特性，新引入了具有玻璃形成能力和形状记忆特性的合金概念。通过抑制脆性金属间化合物的形成并能够形成纳米晶体结构，可以最大限度地提高通过玻璃前驱体结晶制造的形状记忆合金 (SMA) 的物理性能。玻璃前体不仅可以轻松应用于小型设备，而且可以通过热塑性成型生产具有复杂几何形状的产品。此外，结晶后可表现出形状记忆效应或超弹性。本文综述了典型的四元 NiTi 基 SMA 和使用玻璃前驱体制造的多组分 NiTi 基 SMA。首先，介绍了四元掺杂对 NiTiCu 和 NiTiHf 基合金物理性能的影响，例如形状恢复特性、马氏体转变和机械行为。其次，介绍了使用通过快速淬火制造的玻璃前体的多组分 SMA 系统。讨论了玻璃形成能力、结晶行为和随之而来的转变特性。介绍了使用玻璃前体的 SMA 应用，包括利用独特形状记忆特性的微/纳米级操纵工具，以及基于超塑性的表面压印。介绍了使用通过快速淬火制造的玻璃前体的多组分 SMA 系统。讨论了玻璃形成能力、结晶行为和随之而来的转变特性。介绍了使用玻璃前体的 SMA 应用，包括利用独特形状记忆特性的微/纳米级操纵工具，以及基于超塑性的表面压印。介绍了使用通过快速淬火制造的玻璃前体的多组分 SMA 系统。讨论了玻璃形成能力、结晶行为和随之而来的转变特性。介绍了使用玻璃前体的 SMA 应用，包括利用独特形状记忆特性的微/纳米级操纵工具，以及基于超塑性的表面压印。