This position statement provides guidance for the monitoring, care, and follow-up of newborns exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in utero. Depression and anxiety are common during pregnancy and postpartum. While there are risks to taking medications during pregnancy, untreated or incompletely managed depression and anxiety also carry risks for the newborn. Poor neonatal adaptation syndrome (PNAS) occurs in one-third of newborns exposed to SSRIs or SNRIs in utero, and is generally mild and self-limiting. The low levels of SSRIs and SNRIs excreted in breast milk are compatible with breastfeeding. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and congenital heart defects are rare associations of exposure to SSRIs or SNRIs in utero. There are inconsistencies in the literature regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes, specifically autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. The inconsistencies likely relate to other factors (i.e., genetics, maternal depression, lifestyle, and comorbidities), rather than exposure to SSRIs or SNRIs in utero. Health care providers and parents should be reassured that PNAS is generally treatable with nonpharmacological measures, and that the risk of serious adverse effects from exposure to SSRIs or SNRIs in utero is low.

中文翻译：

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妊娠期选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂或5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂：婴儿和儿童结局

本立场声明为在子宫内暴露于选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂 (SSRI) 或 5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂 (SNRI) 的新生儿的监测、护理和随访提供指导。抑郁和焦虑在怀孕和产后很常见。虽然在怀孕期间服用药物存在风险，但未经治疗或未完全控制的抑郁症和焦虑症也会给新生儿带来风险。三分之一的新生儿在子宫内暴露于 SSRIs 或 SNRIs 会发生新生儿适应不良综合征 (PNAS)，并且通常是轻度和自限性的。母乳中分泌的低水平 SSRIs 和 SNRIs 与母乳喂养相容。新生儿和先天性心脏缺陷的持续性肺动脉高压是在子宫内暴露于 SSRI 或 SNRI 的罕见关联。文献中关于神经发育结果的不一致，特别是自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷多动障碍。这些不一致可能与其他因素（即遗传、母亲抑郁、生活方式和合并症）有关，而不是与子宫内暴露于 SSRI 或 SNRI 相关。卫生保健提供者和父母应该放心，PNAS 通常可以通过非药物措施进行治疗，并且子宫内暴露于 SSRI 或 SNRI 产生严重不良反应的风险很低。