Traumatic aortic injury (TAI) is one of the leading causes of fatalities in blunt impact. However, there is no consensus on the injury mechanism of TAI in traffic accidents, mainly due to the complexity of occurrence scenarios and limited real-world crash data relevant to TAI. In this study, a computational model of the aorta with nonlinear mechanical characteristics and accurate morphology was developed and integrated within a thorax finite element model that included all major anatomical structures. To maximize the model's capability for predicting TAI, a multi-level process was presented to validate the model comprehensively. At the component level, the in vitro aortic pressurization testing was simulated to mimic the aortic burst pressure. Then, a sled test of a truncated cadaver was modeled to evaluate aorta response under posterior acceleration. The frontal chest pendulum impact was utilized to validate the performance of the aorta within full body model under direct chest compression. A parametric study was implemented to determine an injury tolerance for the aorta under these different loading conditions. The simulated peak pressure before aortic rupture was within the range of the experimental burst pressure. For the sled test, the simulated chest deflection and cross-sectional pressure of the aorta were correlated with the experimental measurement. No aorta injury was observed in simulated results of both sled test and chest pendulum impact, which matched the experimental findings. The present model will be a useful tool for understanding the TAI mechanisms, evaluating injury tolerance, and developing prevention strategies for aortic injuries.

外伤性主动脉损伤（TAI）是钝性撞击造成死亡的主要原因之一。然而，由于发生场景的复杂性以及与TAI相关的现实碰撞数据有限，目前对于交通事故中TAI的伤害机制尚未达成共识。在这项研究中，开发了具有非线性机械特性和精确形态的主动脉计算模型，并将其集成到包括所有主要解剖结构的胸部有限元模型中。为了最大限度地提高模型预测 TAI 的能力，提出了多级流程来全面验证模型。在组件水平上，模拟体外主动脉加压测试以模拟主动脉爆裂压。然后，对截断尸体的雪橇测试进行建模，以评估后加速下主动脉的反应。利用正面胸部钟摆冲击来验证直接胸部按压下全身模型中主动脉的性能。进行参数研究以确定主动脉在这些不同负荷条件下的损伤耐受性。主动脉破裂前的模拟峰值压力在实验爆裂压力范围内。对于雪橇测试，模拟的胸部偏转和主动脉横截面压力与实验测量相关。雪橇试验和胸摆冲击模拟结果均未观察到主动脉损伤，与实验结果相符。本模型将成为了解 TAI 机制、评估损伤耐受性和制定主动脉损伤预防策略的有用工具。