ABSTRACT

Phosphorus (P) deficiency is an important nutritional constraint for crop productivity in alkaline-calcareous saline-sodic soils. Generally, farmers apply different P fertilizers to overcome P deficiency; however, different P fertilizers may have different efficiency in saline-sodic and normal soils. An experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effect of phosphatic fertilizers, viz. single super phosphate (SSP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and triple superphosphate (TSP), on the growth of rapeseed. These fertilizers were applied to three different types of soils, viz. normal, saline-sodic soil-I {EC, 7 dS m⁻¹; SAR, 25 (mmol L⁻¹)^1/2} and saline-sodic soil-II {EC, 14 dS m⁻¹; SAR, 50 (mmol L⁻¹)^1/2). In normal soil, DAP was effective to enhance growth compared to other fertilizers. In saline-sodic soil-I, SSP enhanced shoot dry weight (SDW) to the maximum (51%) compared to control and by 12% and 21% compared to TSP and DAP, respectively. In saline-sodic-II, SSP increased SDW by 51% compared to control and by 14% and 20% compared to TSP and DAP, respectively. In saline-sodic soil-I, SSP-fertilized plants had 22% and 7% higher membrane stability index compared to plants grown with DAP and TSP. In saline-sodic soil-I and II, plants grown in pots fertilized with SSP accumulated the maximum chlorophyll contents, while control plants contained the minimum. In saline-sodic soils, SSP increased P concentration in shoot and Olsen P compared to other fertilizers. It is concluded that SSP is relatively more effective and improves plant growth in saline-sodic soils, while DAP is suitable for normal soils.

摘要

磷 (P) 缺乏是碱性-钙质盐碱土中作物生产力的重要营养限制。一般来说，农民施用不同的磷肥来克服缺磷；然而，不同的磷肥在盐碱土和普通土壤中可能有不同的效率。进行了一项实验来研究磷肥的比较效果，即。单过磷酸钙 (SSP)、磷酸二铵 (DAP) 和三过磷酸钙 (TSP) 对油菜籽生长的影响。这些肥料被施用于三种不同类型的土壤，即。正常盐碱土-I {EC, 7 dS m ^-1 ; SAR, 25 (mmol L ^-1 ) ^1/2 } 和盐碱土-II {EC, 14 dS m ^-1; SAR，50 (mmol L ^-1 ) ^1/2）。在正常土壤中，与其他肥料相比，DAP 可有效促进生长。在盐碱土-I 中，与对照相比，SSP 将地上部干重 (SDW) 提高到最大值 (51%)，与 TSP 和 DAP 相比，分别提高了 12% 和 21%。在生理盐水-钠离子-II 中，SSP 与对照相比使 SDW 增加了 51%，与 TSP 和 DAP 相比分别增加了 14% 和 20%。在盐碱土-I 中，与使用 DAP 和 TSP 生长的植物相比，使用 SSP 施肥的植物具有高 22% 和 7% 的膜稳定性指数。在盐碱土-I 和II 中，种植在施过SSP 的盆中的植物积累了最大的叶绿素含量，而对照植物的叶绿素含量最低。在盐碱土中，与其他肥料相比，SSP 增加了地上部和 Olsen P 中的 P 浓度。