In the present article a 45Mo-45Cu-10Al₂O₃ (wt%) nano-composite was produced by mechanical alloying, shaped by cold pressing then by hot pressing at 950 °C. Our aim was to investigate the effect of different ball to powder ratio (BPR) on the particle size and shape, as well as on the material composition. Investigations were done with XRD, SEM and for hot pressed specimens Brinell hardness measurement. Lower BPR resulted in nano-sized crystallites in the powder, a homogenous phase distribution and higher BPR resulted in even smaller crystallite sizes, but with ZrO₂ contamination from the milling equipment. The milling resulted in two separate fractions in the metallic phases separated by crystallite size, strain and lattice parameter. After hot pressing, the lower BPR powders developed a homogeneous, evenly distributed microstructure. Cu recrystallized during hot pressing, but still remained nanocrystalline, the crystallite size of Mo and α-Al₂O₃ decreased even more due to crystallite deformation and in the case of Mo, the lattice strain values indicates that recovery had also happened. The heating eliminated the crystal defects at highly strained areas and the subsequent cooling evened out the stresses in the respective metallic phases. The inner grain structure was revealed by etching, showing that α-Al₂O₃ particles congregated only at the Mo grain boundaries, but penetrated the Cu grains. The lattice strain values combined with the BSE images reveal that the Cu is the main matrix of the α-Al₂O₃ particles. The results indicate that the α-Al₂O₃ particles induced Particle Stimulated Nucleation (PSN) in the Cu explaining its moderate crystallite size increase. The hot pressed samples of higher BPR had higher ceramic (ZrO₂ and α-Al₂O₃) content, resulting in higher hardness, but lower relative density (92.4%), compared to the samples of lower BPR, which reached 97.2% relative density and hardness still significantly higher than MoCu alloys.

在本文中，45Mo-45Cu-10Al ₂ O ₃ (wt%) 纳米复合材料通过机械合金化生产，通过冷压成型，然后在 950 °C 下热压成型。我们的目的是研究不同的球粉比 (BPR) 对粒度和形状以及材料成分的影响。使用 XRD、SEM 和热压样品进行布氏硬度测量进行研究。较低的 BPR 在粉末中产生纳米尺寸的微晶，均匀的相分布和较高的 BPR 导致更小的微晶尺寸，但使用 ZrO ₂来自研磨设备的污染。研磨导致通过微晶尺寸、应变和晶格参数分离的金属相中的两个独立部分。热压后，较低的 BPR 粉末形成均匀、均匀分布的微观结构。Cu在热压过程中重结晶，但仍保持纳米晶，Mo和α-Al ₂ O ₃的微晶尺寸由于微晶变形而减小得更多，在Mo的情况下，晶格应变值表明也发生了恢复。加热消除了高应变区域的晶体缺陷，随后的冷却使各个金属相中的应力均匀。通过蚀刻揭示了内部晶粒结构，表明α-Al ₂ O₃颗粒仅聚集在 Mo 晶界，但穿透了 Cu 颗粒。结合 BSE 图像的晶格应变值表明，Cu 是 α-Al ₂ O ₃颗粒的主要基体。结果表明，α-Al ₂ O ₃粒子在Cu 中诱导了粒子受激成核(PSN)，解释了其适度的微晶尺寸增加。与较低 BPR 的样品相比，较高 BPR 的热压样品具有更高的陶瓷（ZrO ₂和 α-Al ₂ O ₃）含量，从而导致更高的硬度，但相对密度较低（92.4%），相对密度达到 97.2%密度和硬度仍明显高于钼铜合金。