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Serial or parallel proactive control of components of task-set? A task-switching investigation with concurrent EEG and eye-tracking
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107984
Cai S Longman 1 , Heike Elchlepp 2 , Stephen Monsell 2 , Aureliu Lavric 2
Affiliation  

Among the issues examined by studies of cognitive control in multitasking is whether processes underlying performance in the different tasks occur serially or in parallel. Here we ask a similar question about processes that pro-actively control task-set. In task-switching experiments, several indices of task-set preparation have been extensively documented, including anticipatory orientation of gaze to the task-relevant location (an unambiguous marker of reorientation of attention), and a positive polarity brain potential over the posterior cortex (whose functional significance is less well understood). We examine whether these markers of preparation occur in parallel or serially, and in what order. On each trial a cue required participants to make a semantic classification of one of three digits presented simultaneously, with the location of each digit consistently associated with one of three classification tasks (e.g., if the task was odd/even, the digit at the top of the display was relevant). The EEG positivity emerged following, and appeared time-locked to, the anticipatory fixation on the task-relevant location, which might suggest serial organisation. However, the fixation-locked positivity was not better defined than the cue-locked positivity; in fact, for the trials with the earliest fixations the positivity was better time-locked to the cue onset. This is more consistent with (re)orientation of spatial attention occurring in parallel with, but slightly before, the reconfiguration of other task-set components indexed by the EEG positivity.



中文翻译:

任务集组件的串行或并行主动控制?一项同时进行脑电图和眼动追踪的任务切换调查

多任务处理中的认知控制研究所考察的问题之一是不同任务中的潜在表现过程是连续发生还是并行发生。在这里,我们提出了一个关于主动控制任务集的流程的类似问题。在任务转换实验中,任务集准备的几个指标已被广泛记录,包括对任务相关位置的预期注视方向(注意力重新定向的明确标志),以及后皮层的正极性脑电势。其功能意义不太清楚)。我们检查这些准备标记是并行发生还是连续发生,以及以什么顺序发生。在每次试验中,提示要求参与者对同时出现的三个数字之一进行语义分类,每个数字的位置始终与三个分类任务之一相关联(例如,如果任务是奇数/偶数,则显示顶部的数字是相关的)。EEG 阳性出现在对任务相关位置的预期固定之后,并且似乎与时间锁定,这可能表明连续组织。然而,注视锁定的积极性并不比线索锁定的积极性更好。事实上,对于最早注视的试验,积极性更好地与提示开始时间锁定。这与空间注意力的(重新)定向更一致,与由 EEG 阳性索引的其他任务集组件的重新配置并行但稍早一些。显示屏顶部的数字是相关的)。EEG 阳性出现在对任务相关位置的预期固定之后,并且似乎与时间锁定,这可能表明连续组织。然而,注视锁定的积极性并不比线索锁定的积极性更好。事实上,对于最早注视的试验,积极性更好地与提示开始时间锁定。这与空间注意力的(重新)定向更一致,与由 EEG 阳性索引的其他任务集组件的重新配置并行但稍早一些。显示屏顶部的数字是相关的)。EEG 阳性出现在对任务相关位置的预期固定之后,并且似乎与时间锁定,这可能表明连续组织。然而,注视锁定的积极性并不比线索锁定的积极性更好。事实上,对于最早注视的试验,积极性更好地与提示开始时间锁定。这与空间注意力的(重新)定向更一致,与由 EEG 阳性索引的其他任务集组件的重新配置并行但稍早一些。固定锁定的积极性并不比线索锁定的积极性更好;事实上,对于最早注视的试验,积极性更好地与提示开始时间锁定。这与空间注意力的(重新)定向更一致,与由 EEG 阳性索引的其他任务集组件的重新配置并行但稍早一些。固定锁定的积极性并不比线索锁定的积极性更好;事实上,对于最早注视的试验,积极性更好地与提示开始时间锁定。这与空间注意力的(重新)定向更一致,与由 EEG 阳性索引的其他任务集组件的重新配置并行但稍早一些。

更新日期:2021-08-07
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