BACKGROUND Children are one of the most vulnerable groups in conflict zones, especially those with chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate kidney disease profiles and problems during follow-up in a population of Syrian refugee children residing in Turkey. METHODS Syrian refugee children aged between 0 and 18 years were included in the study. Demographic data, diagnosis, particular interventions due to nephrological problems, and problems encountered during follow-up were obtained from all participating pediatric nephrology centers. RESULTS Data from 633 children from 22 pediatric nephrology centers were included. Mean age of the children was 94.8 ± 61.7 months and 375 were male (59%). 57.7% had parental consanguinity and 23.3% had a close relative(s) with kidney disease. The most common kidney diseases were congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) (31.0%), glomerular disease (19.9%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (14.8%), and urolithiasis (10.7%). Frequent reasons for CAKUT were nonobstructive hydronephrosis (23.0%), vesico-ureteral reflux (18.4%), and neurogenic bladder (15.8%). The most common etiology of glomerular diseases was nephrotic syndrome (69%). Ninety-four children had CKD, and 58 children were on chronic dialysis. Six children had kidney transplantation. Surgical intervention was performed on 111 patients. The language barrier, lack of medical records, and frequent disruptions in periodic follow-ups were the main problems noted. CONCLUSIONS CAKUT, glomerular disease, and CKD were highly prevalent in Syrian refugee children. Knowing the frequency of chronic diseases and the problems encountered in refugees would facilitate better treatment options and preventive measures.

中文翻译：

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叙利亚难民儿童的肾脏疾病概况和随访过程中遇到的问题：一项多中心回顾性研究。

背景儿童是冲突地区最脆弱的群体之一，尤其是患有慢性病的儿童。本研究旨在调查居住在土耳其的叙利亚难民儿童在随访期间的肾脏疾病概况和问题。方法 0 至 18 岁的叙利亚难民儿童被纳入研究。从所有参与的儿科肾病中心获得人口统计数据、诊断、因肾病问题导致的特定干预措施以及随访期间遇到的问题。结果 纳入了来自 22 个儿科肾脏病中心的 633 名儿童的数据。儿童的平均年龄为 94.8 ± 61.7 个月，其中 375 人为男性（59%）。57.7% 有父母血缘关系，23.3% 有近亲患有肾病。最常见的肾脏疾病是先天性肾脏和泌尿道异常 (CAKUT) (31.0%)、肾小球疾病 (19.9%)、慢性肾脏疾病 (CKD) (14.8%) 和尿石症 (10.7%)。CAKUT 的常见原因是非阻塞性肾积水 (23.0%)、膀胱输尿管反流 (18.4%) 和神经源性膀胱 (15.8%)。肾小球疾病最常见的病因是肾病综合征（69%）。94 名儿童患有 CKD，58 名儿童接受慢性透析。六名儿童进行了肾移植。对 111 名患者进行了手术干预。语言障碍、缺乏医疗记录和定期随访的频繁中断是注意到的主要问题。结论 CAKUT、肾小球疾病和 CKD 在叙利亚难民儿童中非常普遍。