Both definite descriptions and pronouns are often anaphoric; that is, part of their interpretation in context depends on prior linguistic material in the discourse. For example: (1) A student walked in. The student sat down. (2) A student walked in. She sat down. One popular view of anaphoric pronouns, the d-type view, is that pronouns like ‘she’ go proxy for definite descriptions like ‘the student who walked in’, which are in turn treated in a classical (neo-) Russellian or (neo-) Fregean fashion. I argue for a novel version of the d-type view in which anaphoric definites are restricted existential quantifiers that presuppose discourse uniqueness, which is uniqueness of discourse referent in the context, rather than uniqueness of object in the world. In other words, the anaphoric definites ‘the student’ and ‘she’ in (1) and (2) presuppose that there is a single object under discussion that is a student who walked in. I further argue that, by contrast, non-anaphoric definites are restricted existential quantifiers that presuppose worldly uniqueness, that is, that there is a unique object in the world that satisfies the descriptive information. The semantics for anaphoric and non-anaphoric definites accounts for the differences in truth conditions in discourses involving the two different types of definites, improving on existing accounts. It is further supported by crosslinguistic data. The semantics is formally implemented in a static system employing quantifier domain restriction in the style of Stanley and Szabo (Mind Lang 15(2–3):219–261, 2000) and extended to account for bridging definites and donkey sentences.

明确的描述和代词通常都是照应的；也就是说，他们在上下文中的部分解释取决于话语中先前的语言材料。例如： (1) 一个学生走进来。学生坐下。(2) 一个学生走进来。她坐下。对照应代词的一种流行观点，即 d 型观点，是像“她”这样的代词代表诸如“走进来的学生”这样的明确描述，而这些描述又被用古典（新）罗素或（新-) Fregean 时尚。我主张一种新版本的 d 型观点，其中照应定语是受限的存在量词，它以语篇唯一性为前提，即语境中所指语篇的唯一性，而不是世界中对象的唯一性。换句话说，(1) 和 (2) 中的照应定语“the student”和“she”预设了一个正在讨论的对象，那就是走进来的学生。我进一步认为，相比之下，非照应定语是受限制的存在量词预设了世间唯一性，即世界上有一个满足描述性信息的唯一对象。照应和非照应定语的语义解释了涉及两种不同类型定语的话语中真值条件的差异，改进了现有的解释。它得到了跨语言数据的进一步支持。语义在静态系统中正式实现，采用了 Stanley 和 Szabo 风格的量词域限制（Mind Lang 15（2-3）：219-261，