Tremendous progress has been made in lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the record power conversion efficiency exceeding 25%. However, poor stability is the most significant obstacle hindering their practical applications. Therefore, improving stability becomes the primary focus of PSC research. Recently, a strategy of modifying the three-dimensional perovskite structures with hydrophobic organic cations for two-dimensional (2D) perovskites has been explored and proven beneficial for both PSC efficiency and stability. Herein, multi-dimensional tuning of the bulk and interfaces of perovskite materials and their influences on device performance and stability are reviewed. In addition, the effects of defect passivation and interface functionalization are discussed. Finally, the mechanisms of stability improvement through 2D modifications are discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过二维改性稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池的最新进展

卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 取得了巨大进展，功率转换效率超过 25%。然而，稳定性差是阻碍其实际应用的最大障碍。因此，提高稳定性成为 PSC 研究的重点。最近，已经探索了一种用疏水性有机阳离子修饰二维（2D）钙钛矿的三维钙钛矿结构的策略，并证明对 PSC 效率和稳定性都有好处。在此，综述了钙钛矿材料的体块和界面的多维调整及其对器件性能和稳定性的影响。此外，还讨论了缺陷钝化和界面功能化的影响。最后，