ABSTRACT

Many studies revealed that vegetation in parks evokes fear of crime for women in a certain environmental context, and it significantly inhibits the restorative qualities of urban green spaces. A quasi-experimental on-site study was conducted at two privately owned public spaces in a central business district of Seoul, to investigate what aspects of sites trigger women’s fear of crime and why. Female participants visited two contrasting sites (N = 30) – one with dense trees and one with an open lawn – at both day and night and indicated perceived fear intensity on interactive maps with four levels (0–3). In total, 540 overlaid grid cells were encoded using the presence of physical attributes, such as vegetation, street furniture, lighting, security camera, artwork, borders of buildings, and roads. A generalized linear model estimated the effects of the physical attributes to determine whether they were positively or negatively associated with assessed fear intensity. Insufficient lighting and absence of people after working hours at the wooded site induced a large increase in perceived fear intensity from daytime. In geographically mapping fear of crime, participants showed the highest level of fear for violence and sex crimes in the alley enclosed with woods.

摘要

许多研究表明，公园内的植被在一定的环境背景下会唤起女性对犯罪的恐惧，并显着抑制城市绿地的恢复品质。在首尔中央商务区的两个私人拥有的公共场所进行了一项准实验性现场研究，以调查场所的哪些方面引发了女性对犯罪的恐惧以及原因。女性参与者在白天和晚上都访问了两个对比鲜明的地点（N = 30）——一个有茂密的树木，一个有开阔的草坪——并在四个级别（0-3）的交互式地图上表示感知到的恐惧强度。总共有 540 个重叠的网格单元使用物理属性的存在进行编码，例如植被、街道设施、照明、安全摄像头、艺术品、建筑物的边界和道路。广义线性模型估计了身体属性的影响，以确定它们是否与评估的恐惧强度正相关或负相关。在林地工作时间后，照明不足和人不在，导致白天的感知恐惧强度大幅增加。在对犯罪恐惧的地理测绘中，参与者在被树林包围的小巷中表现出对暴力和性犯罪的最高程度的恐惧。