Background: Previous research has found deficits in both the reward positivity (RewP) and P300 components of the event-related potential (ERP) in relation to depression. The current study examined whether the P300, elicited from imperative stimuli in a gambling task, relates to depression – and can be utilized in tandem with the RewP to better account for individual differences in depression.

Methods: In the current study, 80 adults with current depression (M_age = 39.65, 79% female) and 43 healthy controls (M_age = 37.02, 81% female) completed clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires, and the doors gambling task while EEG was recorded.

Results: Results indicated a reduced P300 to doors stimuli (i.e., doors P300) in depression, especially among depressed individuals reporting heightened anhedonia. Gain and loss feedback P300s did not differ between groups. Moreover, the doors P300 moderated the association between RewP and depression status: individuals with relatively intact reward processing (i.e., larger RewP) were more likely to be currently depressed if they exhibited a reduced P300.

Limitations: The majority of the sample identified as Caucasian which reduces generalizability of current results. Additionally, the current study is cross sectional design which limits insight into how these ERPs coincide with changes in the disorder.

Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that a novel P300 component to the doors stimulus appears to be blunted in currently depressed individuals, and that using the doors P300 in combination with the RewP accounts for significantly more variance in depression.

背景：先前的研究发现，与抑郁症相关的事件相关电位 (ERP) 的奖励积极性 (RewP) 和 P300 成分均存在缺陷。当前的研究检查了从赌博任务中的命令性刺激引起的 P300 是否与抑郁症有关 - 并且可以与 RewP 一起使用以更好地解释抑郁症的个体差异。

方法：在目前的研究中，80 名患有抑郁症的成年人（M_年龄 = 39.65，79% 女性）和 43 名健康对照（M_年龄 = 37.02，81% 女性）完成了临床访谈、自我报告问卷和门赌博任务同时记录脑电图。

结果：结果表明抑郁症患者对门刺激（即门 P300）的 P300 降低，尤其是在报告快感缺乏症增强的抑郁个体中。增益和损耗反馈 P300s 组之间没有差异。此外，门 P300 缓和了 RewP 与抑郁状态之间的关联：具有相对完整的奖励处理（即较大的 RewP）的个体如果表现出较低的 P300，则目前更可能处于抑郁状态。

局限性：大多数样本被确定为高加索人，这降低了当前结果的普遍性。此外，目前的研究是横断面设计，这限制了对这些 ERP 如何与疾病的变化相一致的了解。

结论：目前的研究表明，门刺激的新 P300 成分似乎在当前抑郁的个体中变得迟钝，并且将门 P300 与 RewP 结合使用可以显着增加抑郁症的差异。