There has been increasing interest in local-level implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite the emergence of various initiatives undertaken by local governments, studies on the process of mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda within local contexts remain limited. This study is aimed at identifying possible approaches for supporting local governments in successfully mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs. We developed an analytical framework covering key components for local-level mainstreaming of the SDGs based on our review of recent policy guidelines for implementing the SDGs and the policy integration and coherence literature. Subsequently, we applied this framework within case studies of two designated municipalities under the Japanese government’s “SDGs Future Cities” initiative aimed at localizing the SDGs. The analysis demonstrated how local governments could develop and apply key components of the SDGs mainstreaming process. Our findings suggest that the following approaches can facilitate local governments’ efforts to mainstream the SDGs: first, municipalities can foster local ownership to address the challenges they face. Second, existing policy resources can be linked with formal procedures. Third, multi-stakeholder partnerships can be developed. Fourth, vertical communication channels can be established with international and national-level organizations. Overall, the article contributes to a growing literature on SDGs implementation at the local level by identifying key components required for their mainstreaming, introducing perspectives derived from Japanese case studies.

人们越来越关注在地方层面实施联合国 2030 年可持续发展议程及其可持续发展目标 (SDG)。尽管地方政府采取了各种举措，但关于将 2030 年议程纳入当地背景主流进程的研究仍然有限。本研究旨在确定支持地方政府成功将 2030 年议程和可持续发展目标纳入主流的可能方法。根据我们对近期实施可持续发展目标的政策指南以及政策整合和一致性文献的审查，我们制定了一个分析框架，涵盖了可持续发展目标地方层面主流化的关键组成部分。随后，我们在日本政府旨在本地化可持续发展目标的“可持续发展目标未来城市”倡议下的两个指定城市的案例研究中应用了这个框架。分析展示了地方政府如何制定和应用可持续发展目标主流化进程的关键组成部分。我们的研究结果表明，以下方法可以促进地方政府努力将可持续发展目标纳入主流：首先，市政当局可以培养地方自主权以应对他们面临的挑战。其次，现有的政策资源可以与正式程序相联系。第三，可以发展多方利益相关者的伙伴关系。四是可以与国际和国家层面的组织建立纵向沟通渠道。全面的，