The development and validation of a method for remote measurement of the spectra of sea waves, which significantly expands the capabilities to study surface waves in large water areas in a wide range of wavelengths, is described. The applied approach is based on the use of retrieving operators, which are constructed by the method of numerical simulation, taking into account the nonlinear nature of brightness field modulation by the slopes of the sea surface. Retrieving operators have a set of parameters that are adapted to the real conditions of aerospace imaging. To assess the adequacy of the retrieving of wave spectra recorded from satellite images, they are compared with the spectra obtained by ground-based means under controlled conditions. The studies have shown the adequacy of remote measurement of the spectra of slopes and elevations of sea waves with wavelengths in the range 0.1–1 m. The possibility of using the developed method for studying the variability of sea waves in the coastal zone under conditions of limited fetch, including in the presence of anthropogenic disturbances, is shown.

中文翻译：

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从高分辨率卫星光学图像研究大范围海浪光谱变化的方法

描述了一种远程测量海浪光谱的方法的开发和验证，该方法显着扩展了研究大范围水域中各种波长的表面波的能力。所应用的方法基于使用反演算子，这些算子是通过数值模拟的方法构建的，同时考虑了海面坡度对亮度场调制的非线性特性。检索操作员有一组适用于航空航天成像实际条件的参数。为了评估从卫星图像记录的波谱检索的充分性，将它们与在受控条件下通过地面方法获得的波谱进行比较。研究表明，远程测量波长在 0.1-1 m 范围内的海浪的坡度和高程光谱是充分的。显示了在有限获取条件下，包括在存在人为干扰的情况下，使用开发的方法研究沿海地区海浪变化的可能性。