In 2020, nearly 30,000 published references appeared in the PubMed for the search term “cardiac surgery.” While SARS-CoV-2 affected the number of surgical procedures, it did not affect outcomes reporting. Using the PRISMA approach, we selected relevant publications and prepared a results-oriented summary. We reviewed primarily the fields of coronary and conventional valve surgery and their overlap with interventional alternatives. The coronary field started with a discussion on trial data value and their interpretation. Registry comparisons of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention confirmed outcomes for severe coronary artery disease and advanced comorbidities with CABG. Multiple arterial grafting was best. In aortic valve surgery, meta-analyses of randomized trials report that transcatheter aortic valve implantation may provide a short-term advantage but long-term survival may be better with classic aortic valve replacement (AVR). Minimally invasive AVR and decellularized homografts emerged as hopeful techniques. In mitral and tricuspid valve surgery, excellent perioperative and long-term outcomes were presented for structural mitral regurgitation. For both, coronary and valve surgery, outcomes are strongly dependent on surgeon expertise. Kidney disease increases perioperative risk, but does not limit the surgical treatment effect. Finally, a cursory look is thrown on aortic, transplant, and assist-device surgery with a glimpse into the current stand of xenotransplantation. As in recent years, this article summarizes publications perceived as important by us. It does not expect to be complete and cannot be free of individual interpretation. We aimed to provide up-to-date information for decision-making and patient information.

2020 年，PubMed 中出现了近 30,000 篇关于“心脏手术”搜索词的已发表参考文献。虽然 SARS-CoV-2 影响了外科手术的数量，但它并不影响结果报告。使用 PRISMA 方法，我们选择了相关出版物并准备了以结果为导向的摘要。我们主要回顾了冠状动脉和传统瓣膜手术的领域及其与介入替代方案的重叠。冠状动脉领域首先讨论了试验数据的价值及其解释。冠状动脉搭桥手术 (CABG) 和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的登记比较证实了严重冠状动脉疾病和 CABG 晚期合并症的结果。多动脉移植是最好的。在主动脉瓣手术中，随机试验的荟萃分析报告称，经导管主动脉瓣植入可能具有短期优势，但经典主动脉瓣置换术 (AVR) 的长期生存可能会更好。微创 AVR 和去细胞同种移植物成为充满希望的技术。在二尖瓣和三尖瓣手术中，结构性二尖瓣反流具有良好的围手术期和长期结果。对于冠状动脉和瓣膜手术来说，结果在很大程度上取决于外科医生的专业知识。肾脏疾病增加围手术期风险，但并不限制手术治疗效果。最后，对主动脉、移植和辅助装置手术进行了粗略的了解，并了解了异种移植的现状。与近年来一样，本文总结了我们认为重要的出版物。它并不期望是完整的，并且不能摆脱个人的解释。我们的目标是提供最新的决策信息和患者信息。