Nano/micro silicon particles were achieved by high energy ball milling of silicon mesh powder as a cheap and scalable process and used to make porous silicon by acid etching. Subsequent dispersing of porous silicon with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide followed by filtration and heat treatment gives the composite of unified structures of NCNT@rGO protected porous silicon. The obtained composite was studied as an anode material for Li-ion batteries, and it delivered a high reversible capacity of 862/861 mAh g⁻¹ at 200 mA g⁻¹ with 91% of capacity retention. Along with superior rate capability, the prepared composite exhibited 578 and 451 mAh g⁻¹ discharge capacity at 1,000 and 2,000 mA g⁻¹ after a long 300 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the composite electrode can be accredited to the highly conductive and tough matrix of NCNT@rGO blend structures, and porosity in silicon effectively controls the silicon expansion and accommodates the required buffer volume during lithiation/de-lithiation.

纳米/微米硅颗粒是通过硅网粉的高能球磨获得的，这是一种廉价且可扩展的工艺，并用于通过酸蚀刻制造多孔硅。随后用氮掺杂的碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯分散多孔硅，然后过滤和热处理，得到了 NCNT@rGO 保护多孔硅的统一结构的复合材料。将所得复合材料用作锂离子电池的负极材料，在 200 mA g ^{-1 下}具有862/861 mAh g ^-1的高可逆容量和 91% 的容量保持率。随着优异的倍率性能，将制备的复合物表现出578和451毫安克^-1 1000和2000毫安克的放电容量^-1经过漫长的 300 次循环。复合电极增强的电化学性能可归因于 NCNT@rGO 共混结构的高导电性和坚韧基质，硅中的孔隙率有效地控制了硅膨胀并在锂化/脱锂过程中容纳所需的缓冲体积。