Ultrasound-Induced Intensification of Electrochemical Treatment of Bulk Drug Pharmaceutical Wastewater,ACS ES&T Water

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Ultrasound-Induced Intensification of Electrochemical Treatment of Bulk Drug Pharmaceutical Wastewater
ACS ES&T Water ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.1c00159
Ritesh Patidar ₁ , Vimal Chandra Srivastava ₁

Affiliation

This study was carried out to intensify the electrochemical treatment of bulk drug pharmaceutical wastewater (BDW) using ultrasound. The effects of the operating parameters on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency were studied using a response surface methodology-based central composite design. Under optimum conditions that included an ultrasonic power of 67 W, a current density of 173 A m^–2, an initial pH of 4.5, and an interelectrode distance of 0.5 cm, COD and TOC removal efficiencies were found to be 69% and 60%, respectively; the specific energy consumption was 0.69 kWh (g of COD removed)⁻¹, and a synergistic effect of 1.1 was obtained. The morphology and topography analysis of the electrodes after the treatment confirmed continuous in situ cleaning of the electrode because of the use of ultrasound. A possible mineralization pathway based on transformation products formed (identified using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy) was proposed. Phytotoxicity analysis showed that the toxicity of BDW was significantly reduced and the seed germination rate increased to 85% after treatment.

中文翻译：

大宗药品制药废水的超声诱导强化电化学处理

本研究旨在加强使用超声波对原料药制药废水 (BDW) 的电化学处理。使用基于响应面方法的中心复合设计研究了操作参数对化学需氧量 (COD) 和总有机碳 (TOC) 去除效率的影响。在包括 67 W 超声波功率、173 A m ^–2电流密度、4.5 初始 pH 值和 0.5 cm 电极间距在内的最佳条件下，发现 COD 和 TOC 去除效率分别为 69% 和 60% ，分别; 单位能耗为 0.69 kWh（去除的 COD 克数）^-1，并获得了 1.1 的协同效应。处理后电极的形态和形貌分析证实，由于使用了超声波，电极可以连续原位清洁。提出了基于形成的转化产物（使用液相色谱四极杆飞行时间质谱法鉴定）的可能的矿化途径。药害分析表明，处理后BDW的毒性显着降低，种子发芽率提高到85%。

更新日期：2021-08-13

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