The elemental contents, pollution characteristics and sources of major, trace and rare earth elements (REEs) in road dusts (RDs) from Tehran, Iran were studied. The study adopted a combined approach by defining the variability patterns among different land uses and seasons and revealed the influence on environmental quality through various contamination and risk indices. The results indicated that RDs were significantly enriched by Ca, Bi, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, presenting concentrations 6–8 times higher than background levels. A relation among elemental contents and land use activities was evidenced with enhanced concentrations being recorded in the commercial area with dense traffic activity, while seasonality was observed for a number of elements with elevated levels during summer. Pollution load index (PLI_site) values revealed a high impacted area, while the estimated PLI_area exhibited a decreasing order of HFT (Haft-tir) > AZD (Azadi) > SHR (Shahrrey). Five distinct sources were resolved in PCA (Principal Component Analysis) with traffic related sources prevailing (30.4%) the total variance. REEs pattern revealed an enrichment of light REEs (LREEs) relative to heavy REEs (HREEs), while slightly enhanced LREEs levels were shown in the traffic area suggesting a complimentary anthropogenic input.

研究了伊朗德黑兰道路扬尘（RDs）中主要、微量和稀土元素（REEs）的元素含量、污染特征及来源。该研究通过定义不同土地利用和季节之间的变异模式，采用了一种组合方法，并通过各种污染和风险指数揭示了对环境质量的影响。结果表明，RDs 被 Ca、Bi、Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 显着富集，浓度比背景水平高 6-8 倍。元素含量和土地利用活动之间的关系得到证明，在交通活动密集的商业区记录到浓度增加，而在夏季观察到一些元素含量升高的季节性。污染负荷指数（PLI_站点) 值显示高受影响区域，而估计的 PLI_区域显示出 HFT (Haft-tir) > AZD (Azadi) > SHR (Shahrrey) 的递减顺序。在 PCA（主成分分析）中解决了五个不同的来源，与交通相关的来源占总方差（30.4%）。REE 模式显示轻 REE (LREE) 相对于重 REE (HREE) 富集，而在交通区域显示 LREE 水平略有增加，表明存在互补的人为输入。