Traditional understanding of urban income segregation is largely based on static coarse-grained residential patterns. However, these do not capture the income segregation experience implied by the rich social interactions that happen in places that may relate to individual choices, opportunities, and mobility behavior. Using a large-scale high-resolution mobility data set of 4.5 million mobile phone users and 1.1 million places in 11 large American cities, we show that income segregation experienced in places and by individuals can differ greatly even within close spatial proximity. To further understand these fine-grained income segregation patterns, we introduce a Schelling extension of a well-known mobility model, and show that experienced income segregation is associated with an individual’s tendency to explore new places (place exploration) as well as places with visitors from different income groups (social exploration). Interestingly, while the latter is more strongly associated with demographic characteristics, the former is more strongly associated with mobility behavioral variables. Our results suggest that mobility behavior plays an important role in experienced income segregation of individuals. To measure this form of income segregation, urban researchers should take into account mobility behavior and not only residential patterns.

对城市收入隔离的传统理解主要基于静态的粗粒度居住模式。然而，这些并没有捕捉到发生在可能与个人选择、机会和流动行为相关的地方的丰富社会互动所暗示的收入隔离经验。我们使用美国 11 个大城市的 450 万手机用户和 110 万个地方的大规模高分辨率移动数据集，表明即使在空间很近的情况下，地方和个人所经历的收入隔离也会有很大差异。为了进一步了解这些细粒度的收入隔离模式，我们引入了著名流动模型的 Schelling 扩展，并表明经历过的收入隔离与个人探索新地方（地方探索）以及有来自不同收入群体的游客（社会探索）的地方的倾向有关。有趣的是，虽然后者与人口特征的相关性更强，但前者与流动性行为变量的相关性更强。我们的研究结果表明，流动行为在个人经历的收入隔离中起着重要作用。为了衡量这种形式的收入隔离，城市研究人员应该考虑流动行为，而不仅仅是居住模式。前者与流动性行为变量的相关性更强。我们的研究结果表明，流动行为在个人经历的收入隔离中起着重要作用。为了衡量这种形式的收入隔离，城市研究人员应该考虑流动行为，而不仅仅是居住模式。前者与流动性行为变量的相关性更强。我们的研究结果表明，流动行为在个人经历的收入隔离中起着重要作用。为了衡量这种形式的收入隔离，城市研究人员应该考虑流动行为，而不仅仅是居住模式。