On 25 October 2020, Chile voted in favour of a Constitutional Convention (or Constituent Assembly) to replace the 1980 constitution. This kind of constituent mechanism had previously been resisted by the traditional political parties, most of whom now support the mechanism. This article identifies the political groups who opposed a Constituent Assembly and argues that the shift in approach was due to three factors. First, there had been a cumulative process of social pressure and political reactions since 2006. Second, the social unrest of October 2019 raised costs for the political elite – right and left – of denying a Constituent Assembly. Third, the establishment was able to reduce the uncertainty of the constitution-making process.

中文翻译：

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使智利制宪会议成为可能：反对变革的转移成本

2020 年 10 月 25 日，智利投票支持制宪会议（或制宪大会）以取代 1980 年宪法。这种制宪机制以前受到传统政党的抵制，现在多数支持这种机制。本文确定了反对制宪会议的政治团体，并认为方法的转变是由于三个因素。首先，自 2006 年以来，社会压力和政治反应不断累积。其次，2019 年 10 月的社会动荡增加了政治精英——无论是左右——都拒绝召开制宪会议的成本。第三，建立能够减少制宪过程的不确定性。